Objective To investigate knockdown resistance (kdr) genotypes and their distribution in the field populations of the dengue vector Aedes albopictus in different areas of Jinghong, Yunnan province, China, and understand their insecticide resistance levels, and to provide a basis for scientific control of Ae. albopictus. Methods Collected adults of Ae. albopictus were identified by morphology, and then soaked in anhydrous ethanol and stored at -20℃. DNA was extracted from each mosquito, and PCR was used to amplify the partial fragment of the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) on the nerve cell membrane. Then sequencing was performed to analyze single or multiple point mutations. Results A total of 160 Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were collected from the east, south, west, north, and middle of Jinghong in September 2018 and July 2019. Mutations were detected at the V1016, I1532, and F1534 loci of the VGSC gene. There were two alleles at the V1016 locus, namely wild-type GTA/V (239/74.69%) and mutant GGA/G (81/25.31%); three genotypes, i.e., the wild-type homozygote V/V (91/56.88%), wild/mutant heterozygote V/G (58/36.25%), and mutant homozygote G/G (11/6.88%). There were two alleles at the I1532 locus, namely wild-type ACC/I (309/96.56%) and mutant ATC/T (11/3.44%); two genotypes, i.e., the wild-type homozygote I/I (149/93.13%) and wild/mutant heterozygote I/T (11/6.87%). There were four alleles at the F1534 locus, namely wild-type TTC/F (92/28.75%), mutant TCC/S (221/69.06%), mutant TGC/C (6/1.88%), and mutant TTG/L (1/0.31%); five genotypes, i.e., the wild-type homozygote F/F (10/6.25%), wild/mutant heterozygotes F/S (69/43.13%) and F/L (1/0.63%), and mutant homozygotes S/S (77/48.13%) and C/C (3/1.88%). Conclusion The kdr gene mutation rate is high in Ae. albopictus in Jinghong, and shows a trend towards a high level and diversified development. This suggests that close attention should be paid to the insecticide resistance level, so as to guide scientific and rational use of insecticides.
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