目的 分析杭州市2013-2018年人感染H7N9禽流感病例临床流行病学特征，为H7N9禽流感的治疗和预防提供科学依据。方法 收集2013-2018年杭州市人感染H7N9禽流感病例临床资料，使用EpiData 3.1数据库录入数据，应用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计学分析，对不同组别间病死率的比较采用χ²检验。结果 2013-2018年杭州市累计报告确诊人感染H7N9禽流感病例96例，死亡33例，病死率为34.38%。杭州市共经历5个流行季，5个流行季的疫情病死率差异无统计学意义（χ²=6.131，P=0.190）；城区病例47例，死亡14例，病死率为29.79%，农村病例49例，死亡19例，病死率为38.78%，两组病死率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.859，P=0.354）；男性病例64例，死亡21例，病死率为32.81%，女性32例，死亡12例，病死率为37.50%，两组病死率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.208，P=0.649）；60岁以下年龄组病例49例，死亡10例，病死率为20.41%，60岁及以上年龄组病例为47例，死亡23例，病死率为48.94%，两组病死率差异有统计学意义（χ²=8.655，P=0.003）；不同职业组间病死率差异无统计学意义（χ²=5.728，P=0.126）；有基础疾病的病例52例，死亡25例，病死率为48.08%，无基础疾病的病例43例，死亡7例，病死率为16.28%，差异有统计学意义（χ²=10.654，P=0.001）。结论 高年龄组和有基础疾病的人群感染H7N9禽流感病例病死率较高，是禽流感防治的重点人群。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in humans in Hangzhou, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection. Methods Related clinical data were collected from the patients with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in Hangzhou from 2013 to 2018. EpiData 3.1 database was used for data entry, and SPSS 16.0 softuare was used for statistical analysis. The chi-square test was used for comparison of mortality rate between groups. Results A total of 96 confirmed cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection were reported in Hangzhou from 2013 to 2018, among whom 33 patients died, resulting in a mortality rate of 34.38%. There were 5 waves of H7N9 epidemics in Hangzhou, and there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the five waves (χ²=6.131, P=0.190). There were 47 patients in the urban area with 14 deaths (29.79%) and 49 patients in the rural area with 19 deaths (38.78%), and there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups (χ²=0.859, P=0.354). There were 64 male patients with 21 deaths (32.81%) and 32 female patients with 12 deaths (37.50%), and there was no significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups (χ²=0.208, P=0.649). There were 49 patients in the age <60 years group with 10 deaths (20.41%) and 47 in the age ≥ 60 years group with 23 deaths (48.94%), and there was a significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups (χ²=8.655, P=0.003). There was no significant difference in mortality rate between the groups with different occupations (χ²=5.728, P=0.126). A total of 52 patients had underlying diseases, among whom 25 died, with a mortality rate of 48.08%; 43 patients had no underlying diseases, among whom 7 died, with a mortality rate of 16.28%; there was a significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups (χ²=10.654, P=0.001). Conclusion Patients with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection who have an older age and underlying diseases tend to have a high mortality rate and thus they are the key population for the prevention and treatment of avian influenza.