目的 调查老挝南部沙湾拿吉省农县居民区成蚊种类构成，为制定当地重要蚊媒传染病防控对策与措施提供科学依据。方法 采用诱蚊灯通宵捕蚊法和电动捕蚊器法在居民区采集成蚊，并采用形态学方法鉴定蚊虫种类。结果 2018年8-9月在沙湾拿吉省农县居民区共捕获成蚊3亚科11属44种9 415只，其中骚扰阿蚊和三带喙库蚊属于当地优势蚊种，分别占捕获总数的44.43%（4 183/9 415）和20.73%（1 952/9 415），重要疾病媒介微小按蚊、白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊所占比例相对较低，仅占捕获总数的1.96%（184/9 415）、1.09%（103/9 415）和0.54%（51/9 415）。结论 老挝南部沙湾拿吉省农县蚊虫种类丰富，且流行性乙型脑炎媒介三带喙库蚊、疟疾媒介微小按蚊、登革热媒介白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊均有分布，建议当地卫生部门加强重要蚊媒传染病媒介监测。

Objective To investigate the species composition of adult mosquitoes in residential areas of Nong county of Savannakhet province in southern Lao PDR, and to provide a scientific basis for developing prevention and control strategies and measures for local important mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Adult mosquitoes were captured using the light-trap method (overnight) and electric mosquito trap method in residential areas, and all mosquitoes were identified by morphological classification. Results A total of 9 415 mosquitoes belonging to 44 species in 11 genera of 3 subfamilies were captured in residential areas of Nong county of Savannakhet province from August to September, 2018. Armigeres subalbatus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus were dominant species, accounting for 44.43% (4 183/9 415) and 20.73% (1 952/9 415) of total collected adult mosquitoes, respectively; Anopheles minimus, Aedes albopictus, and Ae. aegypti had lower proportions, accounting for 1.96% (184/9 415), 1.09% (103/9 415), and 0.54% (51/9 415) of total collected adult mosquitoes, respectively. Conclusion Mosquito species are abundant in Nong county of Savannakhet province in southern Lao PDR. Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Japanese encephalitis vector), An. minimus (malaria vector), and Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti (dengue vectors) are distributed in this region, so it is suggested that the local healthy department should strengthen the monitoring of important mosquito-borne disease vectors mentioned above.