目的 调查浙江省义乌市2017年不同月份白纹伊蚊密度，并分析其影响因素，为义乌市蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 2017年4-11月在义乌市按不同地理方位选择4个街道的村或社区作为监测点，每月中旬监测1次，每次监测100户，计算布雷图指数（BI）、容器指数（CI）和房屋指数（HI），分析不同生境、不同容器对白纹伊蚊密度的影响。采用SPSS 24.0软件对不同容器白纹伊蚊孳生情况进行χ2检验。结果 义乌市2017年4-11月平均BI为13.75，7和10月BI较高，分别为18.00和23.00，除4月外其他月份BI均>5。白纹伊蚊的阳性容器主要有贮水池、缸、盆类、闲置容器类积水、轮胎以及盆景与水生植物类等，其中盆景与水生植物的CI最高，达20.00%，但不同类型积水容器阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2=6.373，P=0.383）；所有生境的平均BI均>5，其中住宅周边商用房和高档类别墅住宅的BI较高，分别为44.00和26.37。结论 2017年义乌市白纹伊蚊密度较高，需要采取综合措施清理白纹伊蚊孳生地，降低蚊媒传染病本地暴发风险。
Objective To investigate the population density of Aedes albopictus in different months in Yiwu, Zhejiang province, China, and analyze its influencing factors, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in Yiwu. Methods The villages or communities in four streets in Yiwu were selected in different geographical locations as surveillance sites. Mosquito surveillance was carried out once a month in the middle of the month from April to November in 2017, with 100 households being surveyed each time. Breteau index (BI), container index (CI) and house index (HI), were calculated to analyze the population densities of Ae. albopictus in different habitats and containers. SPSS 24.0 software was used to conduct chi-square test to analyze the breeding status in different containers. Results Mean BI was 13.75 in Yiwu from April to November, 2017. The BI in July and October was high (18.00 and 23.00, respectively), and the BI in all months was greater than 5 except for that in April. The containers with Ae. albopictus were mainly cisterns, tanks, basins, and unused containers with water, tires, miniascape, and aquatic plants, among which, the CI of miniascape and aquatic plants was highest and up to 20.00%. However, there was no significant difference in the positive rate between different types of containers with water (χ2=6.373, P=0.383). The mean BI in all habitats was greater than 5, of which, the commercial houses around residential buildings and high-end villas had the highest BI (44.00 and 26.37, respectively). Conclusion The population density of Ae. albopictus was high in Yiwu in 2017. Comprehensive measures should be adopted to clean up the breeding sites of Ae. albopictus to reduce the risk of local outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases.
[1] 刘起勇. 寨卡病毒媒介伊蚊控制策略和措施展望[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2016,27(2):93-98. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.02.001.
[2] Kampango A,Abílio AP. The Asian tiger hunts in Maputo city:the first confirmed report of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse,1895) in Mozambique[J]. Parasit Vectors,2016,9:76. DOI:10.1186/s13071-016-1361-4.
[3] 朱心红,孙楷城,吴因平,等. 2005-2013年义乌市虫媒传染病流行特征分析[J]. 现代预防医学,2015,42(14):2517-2520.
[4] 陈明,吴因平,朱桂仁,等. 义乌地区蚊媒传染病主要传播媒介分布区初步调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2011,22(6):581-583.
[5] 肖晶晶,郭芬芬,李正泉,等. 1951-2013年浙江热量资源变化研究[J]. 气象与环境科学,2017,40(3):110-118. DOI:10.16765/j.cnki.1673-7148.2017.03.017.
[6] 朱志宏,楼莲青,朱赤,等. 2012-2014年义乌市输入性登革热流行病学及临床特征分析[J]. 中国农村卫生事业管理,2016,36(2):190-191.
[7] 艾丽云,陈恩富,孙继民,等. 2004-2016年浙江省登革热疫情时空聚集性分析[J]. 疾病监测,2019,34(1):27-31. DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.01.008.
[8] 董选军,孙继民,楼莲青,等. 中国大陆第三例输入性寨卡病毒病病例调查分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(5):597-599. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.05.002.
[9] 胡永桃,楼莲青,刘礼文,等. 义乌市输入性基孔肯雅热一例及文献复习[J]. 中华临床感染病杂志,2016,9(6):525-527. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-2397.2016.06.010.
[10] 刘杰,方艳,黄喜明,等. 2010-2014年广东省登革热突发公共卫生事件监测信息与防控对策分析[J]. 华南预防医学,2017,43(2):132-135. DOI:10.13217/j.scjpm.2017.0132.
[11] 孟凤霞,王义冠,冯磊,等. 我国登革热疫情防控与媒介伊蚊的综合治理[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(1):4-10. DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2015.01.002.
[12] 庞松涛,雷晓岗,陈保忠,等. 2012-2016年西安市白纹伊蚊幼虫监测及影响因素分析[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械,2017,23(5):454-456.
[13] 李琴,闫姝利,黄进,等. 攀枝花市居民登革热防治知识行为态度调查分析[J]. 中国健康教育,2017,33(1):52-54,63. DOI:10.16168/j.cnki.issn.1002-9982.2017.01.013.
[14] 叶真,夏时畅. 病媒生物综合防制技术指南[M]. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,2012:23-31.
