目的 初步了解福建省部分地区鼠类伯氏疏螺旋体的感染状况及其分子生物学分型。方法 于2017年4月至2018年6月，采用笼日法在邵武、古田、石狮、闽侯、长乐5个县（市）捕鼠，采集鼠肝、肾等组织提取核酸，并通过巢式PCR法对伯氏疏螺旋体5S～23S rRNA基因间隔区进行基因扩增，应用MEGA 6.0软件对测序结果进行分析。结果 共捕鼠192只，其中家栖鼠81只，占捕鼠总数的42.19%（81/192）；野栖鼠111只，占57.81%（111/192）。共检出伯氏疏螺旋体阳性鼠4只，占捕鼠总数的2.08%（4/192），其中家栖鼠1只，占家栖鼠总数的1.23%（1/81）；野栖鼠3只，占2.70%（3/111）。生物信息学分析结果显示，邵武标本SW14与石狮标本SS53均为法雷斯疏螺旋体（Borrelia valaisiana），二者分别与法雷斯疏螺旋体型分离株R48（B.valaisiana isolate R48，EU160458.2）、法雷斯疏螺旋体分离株11（B.valaisiana isolate 11，JX888445.1）在基因序列上一致或高度相似。邵武标本SW15与古田标本GT38均与以上法雷斯疏螺旋体基因序列存在一定差异。结论调查的5个县（市）鼠类携带伯氏疏螺旋体，基因型与周边省份一致，为法雷斯疏螺旋体。

Objective To preliminarily explore the infection status and molecular typing of Borrelia burgdorferi in rodents in parts of Fujian province. Methods Rodents were captured by the cage method in 5 counties (cities), i.e., Shaowu, Gutian, Shishi, Minhou, and Changle from April 2017 to June 2018. Nucleic acids were then extracted from rodent tissue samples (e.g., liver and kidney). After that, the fragments of 5S-23S rRNA were amplified by nested PCR, and sequencing results were analyzed by MEGA 6.0 software. Results A total of 192 rodents were captured, of which 81 were commensal rodents, accounting for 42.19% (81/192), and 111 wild rodents, accounting for 57.81% (111/192). Among all the rodents, four were detected to be positive for Lyme, accounting for 2.08% (4/192). Of the Lyme-positive rodents, one was commensal rodent, accounting for 1.23% (1/81) of all the commensal ones, and three wild rodents, accounting for 2.70% (3/111). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SW14 from Shaowu and SS53 from Shishi were both B. valaisiana. The gene sequences of the two strains were identical or highly similar to those of B. valaisiana isolate R48 (EU160458.2) and B. valaisiana isolate 11 (JX888445.1), respectively. The gene sequences of both the SW15 from Shaowu and the GT38 from Gutian were different from those of above-mentioned B. valaisiana. Conclusion Rodents carry B. burgdorferi in the five surveyed counties (cities). The genotype (i.e., B. valaisiana) is consistent with that in the surrounding provinces.