目的 了解河北省鼠疫自然疫源地达乌尔黄鼠数量变化和分布情况。方法 整理2007-2016年河北省长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测资料，统计不同生境达乌尔黄鼠密度、数量变化和分布情况，采用秩和检验进行分析。结果 10年间在河北省鼠疫自然疫源地共调查面积1 086 hm²，布放7 082夹次，捕鼠794只，平均鼠密度为0.73只/hm²，达乌尔黄鼠在林地、山坡、草滩3种生境中密度较高，分别为0.86、0.85、0.83只/hm²。结论 达乌尔黄鼠密度年际间变化不大，种群较为稳定，林地、山坡、草滩等生境为达乌尔黄鼠生存最适生境。

Objective To study the changes of Spermophilus dauricus number and distribution in Hebei province plague natural foci. Methods Investigate the plague surveillance data from 2007 to 2016 of plague natural foci in Hebei province, and statistically analyze the density, quantity change and distribution of S. dauricus in different habitats, analyze the results via rank sum test. Results A total of 1 086 hectares of plague natural foci in Hebei province were investigated over a decade, with 7 082 cloth clips, 794 rodents, with an average density of 0.73 per hm². Spermophilus dauricus had the highest density in the three habitats of woodland, hillside and grassland, which were 0.86/hm², 0.85/hm², and 0.83/hm², respectively. Conclusion The density of S. dauricus does not change much from year to year, and the population is relatively stable. Woodland, hillside, grassland are the most suitable habitats for S. dauricus.