目的 通过对一起旅客列车臭虫侵害的应急处置和控制效果观察，为铁路旅客列车臭虫侵害应急处理和有效控制提供科学依据。方法 2016年9月采用目测法对旅客列车进行臭虫侵害调查；阳性车厢卧具用60℃以上高温单独洗涤处理；车辆运行期间采用高效氯氟氰菊酯微胶囊悬浮剂进行药物处理，车辆甩挂后采用高氯·辛硫磷可溶性液剂进行处理；分别于第3、6和12个月后跟踪观察防制效果。结果 施药前发现臭虫147只，施药后第3天降至21只，下降率为85.71%，第6天降至6只，下降率为95.92%，第15天未发现臭虫，下降率为100%。第1次应急处理后，后续无臭虫叮咬乘客事件发生，持续跟踪观察1年，未发现臭虫。结论 在处理好车厢卧具备品的前提下，使用菊酯类杀虫剂进行药物细致处理，可以防止臭虫继续叮咬乘客，运营期间连续处理，甩车后用有机磷类卫生杀虫剂全面消杀，可以彻底控制臭虫危害。

Objective To provide scientific foundation for proper disposition and control efficacy against bedbug infestation in passenger trains by a case study of such. Methods Visual inspection was conducted to investigate the bedbug infestation in a passenger train and control efficacy was assessed. The beddings in positive carriages were washed using hot water (over 60℃). The carriage was treated by lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspensions when the train was in operation, and by beta-cypermethrin and Phoxim EC when the carriage was uncoupled. The control efficacy was observed on the 3^rd, the 6^th and the 12^th month post-treatment. Results In total, 147 bedbugs were found before insecticide treatment, counts declined to 21 on the 3^rd day (85.71% reduction), 6 on the 6^th day (95.92% reduction), and 0 on the 15^th day (100% reduction). After the first time emergency disposition, there was no subsequent bedbug biting incidence. The bedbug wasn't found within 1 year after treatment. Conclusion While managing the beddings well, pyrethroids can be used for preventing bedbug infestations. Organophosphorus pesticides can also be used for thorough control the bedbugs when the carriage is uncoupled.