目的 调查飞机播撒杀鼠剂对高原鼠兔的防治效果以及飞机防治高原鼠害的可行性。方法 于2016年10月在青海省门源县北山乡，使用直升机开展飞机播撒地芬·硫酸钡生物杀鼠剂试验，灭鼠面积为1 000 hm2。试验前后，采用样带法调查灭鼠区和对照区高原鼠兔的种群密度。采用单因素方差分析比较试验前后样地内高原鼠兔种群密度差异。结果 地芬·硫酸钡生物杀鼠剂对高原鼠兔种群防治效果显著，毒饵投放后第5天，85.00%的毒饵被消耗；室内饲喂毒饵后第4天，高原鼠兔全部死亡。飞机播撒杀鼠剂可以将高原鼠兔的种群密度降低74.67%。结论 飞机投饵防治高原害鼠具有快速、高效、投药均匀等优点，效果良好。
Objective By investigating the efficacy of aerial control on Ochotona curzoniae with rodenticide, the feasibility of aerial control on rodent infestation in Tibetan Plateau was discussed. Methods Helicopter was used to sow the rodenticide (Diphenoxylate-Barium sulfate) in Beishan country, Menyuan, Qinghai, in October 2016. The total rodent control area was 1 000 hectares. Line-transect method was used to investigate the population density of Ochotona curzoniae. One-way ANOVA was used to test the differences of population density of plateau pika before and after aerial control. Results Eighty-five percent of rodenticide were consumed on the 5th day after being applied in the wild, all pikas died after 4 days of feeding the rodenticide in the laboratory. Pikas density declined by 74.67% one week after the aerial control in the wild. Conclusion The aerial control using Diphenoxylate-Barium sulfate is a feasible method to control plateau pikas on the Tibetan Plateau.
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