目的 调查湖北省武汉市区蚊幼虫孳生情况，为蚊虫防制提供依据。方法 于2016年5-10月对武汉市16个城区不同类型单位（场所）蚊幼虫孳生情况进行调查，对小型积水和容器积水采用直接观察法，大中型水体采用目测法结合捞勺法调查。不同月份间小型积水阳性率的比较采用χ²检验（组内两两比较进行Bonferroni校正）。结果 共调查各类小型积水7 789个，阳性1 527个，平均阳性率为19.6%，不同类型单位（场所）的阳性率为7.0%~31.4%；机关及企事业单位的积水数最多，占积水总数的14.7%（11 47/7 789）；窗口单位积水阳性率最高，达31.4%；以6月阳性率最高，为25.7%，10月最低，为10.3%（χ²=109.097，P < 0.001）。大中型水体广场喷泉池、公园景观水域和污水明渠的平均阳性率为12.2%。结论 基本摸清了武汉市不同城区不同类型单位（场所）的蚊虫孳生情况，为今后精准的蚊虫防制工作提供了本底资料。

Objective To investigate the breeding situation of mosquito larvae in the urban area of Wuhan city, China and to provide scientific evidence for mosquito control. Methods To investigate the breeding situation of mosquito larvae in 16 different areas of Wuhan city from May to October 2016. Direct observation was used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in small collected waters and containers, and visual observation combined with dip sampling were used to investigate the breeding of mosquitoes in large and medium-sized water bodies. The positive rate of small collected water between different months was compared with χ² test(Bonferroni correction in group), and P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results A total of 1 527 positive sites were found in 7 789 small collected waters and containers, with a mean positive rate of 19.6%(7.0%-31.4%). Governmental agencies, enterprises and institutions accounted for the most of the total number of the aquatic habitats of 14.7%(11 47/7 789); In the window unit, the positive rate was the highest, accounted for 31.4%; the positive rate in June was the highest, accounted for 25.7% and lowest in October, accounted for 10.3%(χ²=109.097, P < 0.001). The mean positive rate was 12.2% in the large and medium-sized water bodies, such as square fountains, park landscape waters, sewage ditches. Conclusion The mosquito breeding situation of different types of units (places) in different districts of Wuhan city is basically ascertained, which provides the background information for the accurate mosquito control work in the future.