目的 通过调查2012-2014年满洲里口岸蜱携带病原体情况，为当地蜱类和蜱传疾病的监测和防控提供依据。方法 2012-2014年采用人工小时布旗法在满洲里口岸及周边草地和混交林中采集游离蜱，利用体表检视法采集野生黄羊等动物体表的寄生蜱。利用RT-PCR法检测蜱标本中的森林脑炎病毒（TBEV）、克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）、新蜱传布尼亚病毒（NTBV），PCR方法检测蜱标本中的伯氏疏螺旋体、立克次体、土拉热弗朗西丝菌（土拉菌）、巴尔通体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、巴贝西虫和贝氏克柯斯体。结果 共采集蜱826只，经鉴定为全沟硬蜱和草原革蜱。2种蜱除未检出土拉菌和巴贝西虫外，其他病原体均有携带；伯氏疏螺旋体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体、巴尔通体、CCHFV、NTBV、TBEV在2种蜱中的检出率差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.022、15.776、16.448、21.789、16.448、16.871，均P=0.000）。共捕获寄生蜱43只，游离蜱345只，2种生境蜱的总检出率为5.15%（20/388），伯氏疏螺旋体在2种生境的检出率差异有统计学意义（χ2=24.617，P=0.000）。结论 满洲里口岸蜱携带多种病原体，不同蜱携带病原体的种类有所区别，病原体的复合感染在蜱传疾病中比较常见，应有针对性地加强当地蜱类和蜱传疾病的监测和防控。
杨宇, 高艳菲, 曹旸, 王静, 邓华, 王建成, 陈雪松, 刘丽娟, 徐宝梁
. 内蒙古满洲里口岸地区2012－2014年蜱携带病原体调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2018
, 29(2)
: 147
-150
.
DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.02.008
Objective Tick-borne pathogens were detected from adult ticks collected in Manchuria port areas on the borders between China, Russia and Mongolia during 2012-2014, to provide basis for monitoring and control of local ticks and tick-borne diseases. Methods The free ticks were collected in the grass and mixed forest areas by hourly flagging method, and parasitic ticks from wild gazelles and other animals by body surface inspection method. RT-PCR was proceeded to detect tick-borne encephalitis virus(TBEV), Crimean-Congo virus(CCHFV), Novel Bunyavirus(NTB); PCR was proceeded to detect Borrelia burgdorferi, Rickettsia, Francisella tularensis, Bartonella, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia, Coxiella burneti from RNA and DNA derived from ticks, respectively. Results A total of 826 adult ticks were collected and identified as Ixodes persuleatus and Dermacentor nuttalli. PCR results for F. tularensis and Babesia spp. were all negative, B. burgdorferi, A. phagocytophilum, Bartonella, CCHFV, NTB, TBEV were identified with statistically significant differences between I. persuleatus and D. nuttalli(χ2=10.022, 15.776, 16.448, 21.789, 16.448, 16.871, all the P=0.000). Positive results showed as 5.15%(20/388) infection rate from 43 parasitic ticks and 345 free ticks. Borrelia burgdorferi was identified by PCR with statistically significant differences between parasitic and free ticks(χ2=24.617, P=0.000). Conclusion These findings showed the activities of tick-borne pathogens in Manchuria port, different pathogens were carried by different ticks and was common to see co-infection in ticks. It is necessary to strengthen tick-borne disease surveillance and control in this region.
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