目的 了解我国人居及周边环境蝇类的常见种类、密度及其季节消长规律，为科学有效防控蝇类提供依据。方法 收集整理2006-2015年我国病媒生物监测国家级监测点蝇类数据，采用Excel 2007、Epi Info 7、ArcGIS等软件分析蝇种构成比，比较不同种类、不同环境和不同省份蝇密度差异及其季节消长规律。结果 2006-2015年捕获蝇类中大头金蝇、家蝇、丝光绿蝇和麻蝇共占捕获总数的75.54%；以大头金蝇密度最高，达2.23只/笼，在各生境均为最高；家蝇居第2位，密度为1.64只/笼，在农贸市场和餐饮外环境密度较高；丝光绿蝇居第3位，密度为1.22只/笼，在农贸市场和绿化带的密度较高；麻蝇密度居第4位，为0.88只/笼，在绿化带的密度明显高于其他生境。蝇类总密度除2010年略有上升外，2006-2015年总体呈下降趋势；大部分省份蝇密度<10.00只/笼，以海南省蝇密度最高，达74.22只/笼；蝇总密度季节消长呈明显的单峰型，高峰出现在6-8月，不同种类（4个优势种）、不同生境和大多数年份蝇密度季节消长曲线与总密度相似。结论 我国人居及周边环境以大头金蝇、家蝇、丝光绿蝇和麻蝇为优势蝇种；蝇密度总体呈下降趋势，但监测不能松懈；绿化带和农贸市场生境蝇密度较高，应加强该类生境蝇类的防制；6-8月为我国蝇类活动高峰期，应注意在高峰期前及早采取防制措施。

Objective To understand species, population density, and seasonality of flies in human dwellings and surroundings in China and provide the avenue for prevention and control of flies. Methods The surveillance data of flies by cage traps from 42 national surveillance sites were collected during 2006 and 2015. The species composition, density and seasonal and annual fluctuations of different speciesof flies in different habitats, and provinces were compared. Results Percentage of Chrysomya megacephala, Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata, and species of Sarcophagidae together was 75.54%; Density of C. megacephala was 2.23 flies per cage and was the highest. Its density in all 4 habitats were all highest of the monitored species; Musca domestica was the second and density was 1.64 flies per cage. Its density was higher in farm produce markets and outdoor of restaurant than in the other habitats. The third was 1.22 flies per cage of L. sericata and the density was higher in farm produce markets and in green belts. The fourth was 0.88 flies per cage of Sarcophagidae and its density in green belts was obviously higher than in other habitats. Overall, the density of flies was decreasing from 2006 to 2015, except that in 2010. The density of flies from green belts and farm produce markets was similar and higher than that in other two places monitored which was also similar. Density in most provinces was lower than 10.00 flies per cage. Hainan province was 74.22 and was the highest. There was a single peak in June-August during the seasonal fluctuation of total flies. The seasonal fluctuation of every predominant species in different habitats and in most of years was similar. Conclusion Chrysomya megacephala, M. domestica, L. sericata, and species of Sarcophagidae were the predominant fly species in human dwellings and surroundings in China. The density of flies generally decreased since 2006.But surveillance can't be underemphasized. More attentions should be paid on fly control in green belts and in farm produce markets, for density in those habitats was higher than in other habitats. The density peaked in June-August. So, it was important to control flies before the peak occurred.