目的 分析山东省淄博市2015年肾综合征出血热（HFRS）流行特征、宿主分布及其携带病毒情况，为制定防控措施提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析2015年全市疫情资料，利用Excel 2007和SPSS 16.0软件对宿主动物监测数据进行统计学分析。结果 淄博市2015年报告HFRS病例84例，较2014年下降了35.88%，发病率为1.82/10万，死亡1例，病死率为1.19%。病例主要集中在沂源县和淄川区，占全市总病例数的72.62%，以中老年农民为主，45~69岁年龄组占总病例数的70.24%；发病高峰在3-5月和10-12月。小兽平均密度为5.99%，带病毒率为8.80%，室内以褐家鼠为优势种，室外以黑线姬鼠为优势种。共检出阳性鼠肺11份，均为秋季捕获的褐家鼠，均携带汉城型汉坦病毒。结论 淄博市HFRS发病呈下降趋势，疫情高发区（县）的小兽密度和带病毒率维持在较高水平，依然存在HFRS暴发流行风险，应继续加强重点地区的疫苗接种，落实防鼠灭鼠及健康教育等综合措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS), the distribution and virus-carrying status of host animals in Zibo, China in 2015, so as to provide evidences for establishing prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFRS, Excel 2007 and SPSS 16.0 software were used to analyze the surveillance data of HFRS host animals. Results A total of 84 cases including one death were reported in the entire city in 2015, a decline of 35.88% compared with that in 2014, and the case fatality rate was 1.19%. The cases were distributed mainly in Yiyuan county and Zichuan district,which accounted for 72.62%. Middle and old-aged male farmers were the main victims in these cases. The age group of 45-69 accounted for 70.24% of the cases. Two peak seasons were observed in spring (March-May) and autumn-winter (October-December). The average rodent density was 5.99%, the virus-carrying rate was 8.80%. Rattus norvegicus was the predominant species of rodents in the residential areas. In the farm land, the predominant species was Apodemus agrarius. All the 11 lung samples isolated from R. norvegicus in autumn were positive as Soul virus. Conclusion The incidence rate of HFRS declined in Zibo city, but the rodent density and the virus-carrying rate were still high in some areas, the risk of HFRS outbreaks in these areas remains. It is necessary to strengthen immunization, rodent control and health education in high-endemic areas.