目的 了解湖北省登革热传播媒介白纹伊蚊幼虫密度及其对几种常用化学杀虫剂的抗性水平，为白纹伊蚊的防治提供科学依据。方法 2016年5-10月，采用布雷图指数（BI）法在荆州、武汉、宜昌和十堰市对白纹伊蚊幼虫密度进行监测，采用WHO推荐的幼虫浸渍法进行抗药性监测，以中国CDC传染病预防控制所推荐的敏感试虫为参考品系，判断其抗药性。结果 湖北省白纹伊蚊幼虫密度高峰期在5-7月，其中宜昌市6月BI最高，为44.00；4个监测点的白纹伊蚊幼虫对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯和双硫磷的抗性倍数分别为2.50~15.00、3.56~8.33、3.40~7.45和0.31~2.19倍；对高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯均为低抗，对双硫磷敏感；除荆州市白纹伊蚊幼虫对溴氰菊酯敏感外，其他3个监测点均为中抗。结论 5-7月为湖北省白纹伊蚊防治的关键期，应采取综合治理方法进行灭蚊，使用化学防治时应考虑白纹伊蚊幼虫对不同化学杀虫剂的抗性水平，以延缓抗药性的发展。

Objective To investigate the population density of Aedes albopictus larvae and its resistance to commonly used insecticides, so as to provide scientific data for dengue vector mosquito control in Hubei province, China. Methods The density of Ae. albopictus larvae were monitored by Breteau index (BI) method from May to October in 2016, and WHO recommended method-bioassays were performed on the collected Ae. albopictus. With reference to the S-lab (a laboratory strain from National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention), insecticides resistance were tested with dipping method on larvae. Results The population density of Ae. albopictus throughout the year shows a high peak period from May to July, with the maximum index reaches 44.00 in June in Yichang city. The resistance indices were 2.50-15.00 against deltamethrin, 3.56-8.33 against beta-cypermethrin, 3.40-7.45 against permethrin, and 0.31-2.19 against temephos, respectively. Aedes albopictus at all four monitoring sites showed low resistance to beta-cypermethrin and permethrin, and was susceptible to temephos. As to deltamethrin, three sites showed moderate resistance except for the site in Jingzhou city which showed susceptible. Conclusion May to July is a key period for Ae. albopictus control. Integrated management should be adopted and the strategic use of insecticides should be considered to delay the development of resistance.