目的 调查2016年北京市某小区一居民出现皮炎的病因。方法 通过标本鉴定、现场勘查和文献检索，确定病因并对患者提出建议。结果 患者身体出现红色丘疹、瘙痒症状，在其床上有红色小虫活动，经鉴定为鸡皮刺螨；患者使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫气雾剂喷洒后螨虫消失，经现场调查，未见鼠类活动痕迹及宠物出现；其屋内窗台上经常有麻雀、鸽子活动，国内共报告鸡皮刺螨侵袭人致皮炎6起，均与鸡、麻雀等鸟类有关。结论 根据现场勘查结果，推测事件可能为鸟类携带鸡皮刺螨而引起。
Objective To investigate the cause of dermatitis cases in a urban area of Beijing in 2016. Methods Specimen identification, field investigation and literature retrieval were performed to find the cause of dermatitis so that the proposal for the patients was put forward. Results The typical symptoms included skin red papules and itch. Some small red bugs were collected from the bed by the patients and the specimens were identified as chicken mite Dermanyssus gallinae. The mites disappeared after the patients sprayed pyrethroid insecticide aerosol in their apartment. We checked the apartment and found no rodent infestation and pet activities. Instead, sparrows and pigeons were seen on the windowsill frequently. There have been six dermatitis case reports infested by D. gallinae in China so far. All mites in the case reports were introduced by chickens or sparrows. Conclusion Based on the investigation results, we speculated that the birds on the windowsill carried the chicken mites into the patient's apartment which caused the dermatitis.
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