目的 调查河北省家蝇对不同类型杀虫剂的抗药性水平，分析其抗性特点及发展趋势，比较室内无选择压力条件下不同药剂的抗性变化，为化学防治提供合理的用药指导。方法 采用点滴法测定家蝇野外种群和实验室内无药剂选择压力下饲养传代的野外种群〔2012-2016年在河北省11个市（区），选择垃圾堆、农贸市场等蝇类孳生场所共83个采样点，利用网捕法采集家蝇成虫，挑选饲养室内繁殖1~2代羽化后3~5 d的雌蝇〕对不同类型杀虫剂的抗药性，并与历史数据比较，分析家蝇的抗药性变化趋势。结果 河北省家蝇对高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯的抗性倍数分别为14.14~148.27和21.52~175.05倍；对毒死蜱和DDVP的抗性倍数分别为1.95~16.91和0.71~5.21倍；石家庄和唐山种群对残杀威相对敏感，抗性倍数分别为1.42和1.04倍，部分种群对残杀威的抗性倍数> 19.21倍；对三氯杀虫酯的抗性倍数为1.88~5.64倍。与历史数据比对发现，河北省家蝇对DDVP的抗性呈现从下降到逐渐平稳并略有上升趋势，对氯菊酯的抗性呈明显上升趋势。家蝇野外种群在实验室正常饲养59代后，对氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和DDVP的抗性平均衰退率分别为90.39%、89.23%和80.41%。结论 河北省家蝇对4种类型杀虫剂产生了不同程度的抗药性，其中氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和DDVP的抗性水平有不同程度的衰减。
Objective To monitor the resistance level of Musca domestica to different types of insecticides in Hebei province, China, understand the resistance characteristics and development trend. The changes of resistance to different insecticides were compared in the laboratory without selection pressure, to provide reference for effective chemical control. Methods During 2012-2016 in Hebei province, 83 sampling sites, such as garbage site, farmers market and other breeding sites were selected in 11 cities (districts). Adult houseflies were collected by net trapping, and reared for 1-2 generations in the laboratory, 3-5 days old female adults were used for assay. The resistance level to different types of insecticides was determined by the method of drip method, and the trend of resistance of M. domestica was analyzed by comparing the historical data. Results Musca domestica in Hebei province showed moderate to high levels of resistance to pyrethroid, the degree of resistance varied with organophosphorus, carbamate, and organochlorine. In comparison with the historical data, it was found that the resistance to DDVP declined, then gradually, steadily and slightly increased. Resistance to permethrin significantly increased. The average decline of resistance to permethrin, beta-cypermethrin and DDVP was 90.39%, 89.23%, and 80.41%, after 59 generations in the laboratory in the absence of pesticide selection. Conclusion Musca domestica in Hebei province had different degrees of resistance to four types of insecticides, and the resistance levels to permethrin, cypermethrin, and DDVP declined at varied magnitudes.
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