目的 对中国-哈萨克斯坦（中哈）边境阿拉山口口岸地区捕获的野生鼠类体表寄生蚤与游离蜱进行巴尔通体核酸检测，为该地区鼠传疾病提供风险预警和依据。方法 于2016年1-9月采集鼠类体表蚤及游离蜱，进行形态学鉴定，提取蚤类全基因组，采用PCR扩增巴尔通体gltA、ITS和ribC基因，阳性产物进行Blast分析，利用Mega 6.0软件构建分子遗传进化树。结果 共采集蚤2 139匹，隶属于6属7种，其中臀突客蚤为优势蚤种；采集游离蜱243只，均为亚洲璃眼蜱。其中臀突客蚤、叶状切唇蚤突高亚种和后弯怪蚤均检测到巴尔通体DNA片段，蜱中未检测到巴尔通体阳性片段。通过测序得到3株不同基因的巴尔通体序列，gltA、ITS和ribC的DNAman同源性分别为93.61%、52.54%和86.72%。Blast比对和进化树分析结果与Bartonella sp.AL01、02、04相同。结论 中哈边境阿拉山口口岸地区3种鼠体寄生蚤均携带巴尔通体。
Objective To detect Bartonella spp. nucleic acid from main ectoparasite fleas in rodents and free-living ticks from Alashankou pass, China-Kazakhstan border. Methods Collected fleas and ticks were then identified by morphological features. After species identification, genome DNA was extracted and detected by PCR targeting gltA, ITS and ribC of Bartonella spp. The amplified products were sequenced and the sequences analyzed using the Blast. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega 6.0 software. Results A total 2 139 fleas (7 species, 6 genera) were identified. Xenopsylla minax was the predominant species. A total of 243 free-living ticks were identified as Hyalomma asiaticum. Only X. minax, Coptospllya lamellifer ardua, and Parddoxopsyllus repandustested positive for Bartonella spp. and all the ticks were negative. Sequence analysis showed that three different sequences, DNAman homology were 93.61%, 52.54%, and 86.72%, respective, gltA, ITS, and ribC. Blast and phylogenetic analyses showed that this three Bartonella and Bartonella sp. AL01,02, 04 were same sequence. Conclusion Bartonella nucleic acid was detected in three different wild rat-flea species at Alashankou pass.
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