目的 在河北省承德地区采集蚊虫，探讨海拔高度、生境类型和成幼虫调查方法3个因素对蚊种调查的影响，为高效开展蚊媒调查，预防和控制蚊媒传染病提供参考。方法 于2015年7-8月在承德地区不同海拔高度选取3类生境开展蚊种调查，成蚊采集使用诱蚊灯法和栖息蚊虫捕捉法，幼虫采集使用吸管法和勺捕法，采用多分类logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果 本次调查蚊种构成为中华按蚊（45.12%）、淡色库蚊（27.44%）、骚扰阿蚊（11.03%）、朝鲜伊蚊（6.90%）、迷走库蚊（6.23%）、刺扰伊蚊（2.44%）、米赛按蚊（0.42%）和仁川伊蚊（0.42%），其中米赛按蚊为河北省的新纪录。海拔高度、生境类型和成幼虫调查方法是蚊种调查的影响因素。以淡色库蚊为参考类别，中高海拔更易出现迷走库蚊、中华按蚊、朝鲜伊蚊和刺扰伊蚊，中低海拔更易出现骚扰阿蚊；种植养殖区更易出现中华按蚊、骚扰阿蚊和朝鲜伊蚊，农村居民区更易出现中华按蚊，不易出现朝鲜伊蚊；采用幼虫调查方法更易捕获迷走库蚊、骚扰阿蚊、仁川伊蚊和朝鲜伊蚊。结论 承德地区应特别关注中华按蚊在中高海拔地区、种植养殖区和农村居民区生境的种群和密度消长，对该蚊种易出现区域应采取适当的灭蚊措施，从而预防和控制当地疟疾等蚊媒传染病的发生。

Objective Mosquito collection was carried out in Chengde of Hebei province to explore the effects of altitudes, habitat types and investigation methods for adults and larvae on mosquito species investigation,so as to provide reference for an efficient survey, and prevention and control mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Methods Research sites were selected within three habitat types in Chengde at different altitudes in July to August of 2015. Light-trapping method, mosquito habitat capture method for adults and the pipette method, scoop dipping method for larvae were used. The influencing factors were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Results The mosquitoes that were collected in this study included Anopheles sinensis(45.12%), Culex pipiens pallens(27.44%), Armigeres subalbatus(11.03%), Aedes koreicus(6.90%), Cx. vegans(6.23%), Ae. vexans(2.44%), An. messese(0.42%), and Ae. chemulpoensis(0.42%). Anopheles messese was a new record in Hebei province. The influencing factors of mosquito species investigation included altitudes, habitat types and investigation methods for adults and larvae. With the reference category of Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. vegans, An. sinensis, Ae. koreicus, and Ae. vexans had a higher appearing rate at high altitude, and to the contrary with Ar. subalbatus. Anopheles sinensis, Ar. subalbatus, and Ae. koreicus had a higher appearing rate in breeding and growing areas, An. sinensis had a higher appearing rate in rural residential areas, and to the contrary with Ae. koreicus. Culex vegans, Ar. subalbatus, Ae. chemulpoensis, and Ae. koreicus had a higher capture rate with investigation methods for larvae. Conclusion The population and density of An. sinensis at high altitude areas, and the breeding and growing areas and rural residential areas in Chengde should be particularly concerned. Appropriate mosquito-control measures should be taken at areas likely to appear An. sinensis, so as to prevent and control malaria and other infectious diseases by vector mosquitoes.