中国-哈萨克斯坦边境地区啮齿动物多样性调查

鲁亮, 蒋卫, 刘蓉蓉, 黎唯, 朱志勇, 帕尔哈提, 波拉提, 王钦琰, 陈志刚, 刘云翔, 刘京利, 安文严, 冯玉明, 甫拉提, 帕尔哈提, 杨庭祥, 胡俊, 鲜军, 刘起勇

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.04.001

中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 >

2016 , Vol. 27 >Issue 4: 317 - 320

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.04.001

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中国-哈萨克斯坦边境地区啮齿动物多样性调查

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1 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室, 北京 102206;
2 新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心, 乌鲁木齐 830001;
3 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州疾病预防控制中心, 新疆博乐 833400;
4 额敏县疾病预防控制中心, 新疆额敏 834600;
5 精河县疾病预防控制中心, 新疆精河 833300;
6 霍城县疾病预防控制中心, 新疆霍城 835200;
7 温泉县疾病预防控制中心, 新疆温泉 833500;
8 克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

鲁亮,男,研究员,从事鼠类分类和控制研究,Email:luliang@icdc.cn

收稿日期: 2016-05-08

网络出版日期: 2016-08-20

基金资助

国家科技重大专项（2013ZX10004-101）

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Investigation on rodent diversity along the China-Kazakhstan border area

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1 National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China;
2 Xinjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
3 Boertala Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
4 Emin Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
5 Jinghe Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
6 Huocheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
7 Wenquan Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
8 Kelamayi Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Received date: 2016-05-08

Online published: 2016-08-20

Supported by

Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No. 2013ZX10004-101)

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摘要

目的调查并分析中国-哈萨克斯坦边境（中哈边境）地区啮齿动物多样性状况，为该地区鼠传疾病的监测与控制提供基础数据。方法采用夹夜法在中哈边境中方一侧的伊犁、博尔塔拉、塔城和克拉玛依市等7个市（区、县）采集啮齿动物标本，并用DNA条形码技术对其进行准确鉴定。结果在7个市（区、县）的3类不同生境中共采集174份小兽动物标本，其中鼠类16种，分属鼠科、仓鼠科、跳鼠科、睡鼠科和松鼠科；鼩鼱科1种。通过DNA条形码鉴定技术鉴定了外部形态差别较小的普通田鼠和狭颅田鼠；依据形态特征鉴定的子午沙鼠DNA条形码与我国东部的子午沙鼠差异显著，提示子午沙鼠可能存在隐含种；1份鼩鼱标本为苔原鼩鼱。结论中哈边境地区的山地森林草甸草原和荒漠草原两类生境中啮齿动物具有生物多样性。我国子午沙鼠可能存在隐含种，新疆北部地区的子午沙鼠与其他地区的子午沙鼠有较大的遗传差异。通过DNA条形码技术可以准确地进行多样性分析。

关键词： 中国-哈萨克斯坦边境地区; 啮齿动物; 多样性; DNA条形码

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鲁亮, 蒋卫, 刘蓉蓉, 黎唯, 朱志勇, 帕尔哈提, 波拉提, 王钦琰, 陈志刚, 刘云翔, 刘京利, 安文严, 冯玉明, 甫拉提, 帕尔哈提, 杨庭祥, 胡俊, 鲜军, 刘起勇 . 中国-哈萨克斯坦边境地区啮齿动物多样性调查[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2016 , 27(4) : 317 -320 . DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2016.04.001

Abstract

Objective To investigate the rodents species diversity along the border area of China and Kazakhstan, and provide supporting data for the surveillance and control of rodent borne diseases. Methods Rodents were collected with trapping method at seven counties/districts and area in Yili, Boertala, Tacheng and Karamay. Rodents species were then identified with DNA barcodes. Results Totally 174 samples of small mammal were collected from three kinds of habitats, including 16 species of rodents belonging to Muridae, Cricetidae, Dipodidae, Gliridae and Sciuridae, and one shrew species of Soricidae. With the DNA barcoding method, samples belonging to two vole species(Microtus arvalis and M. gregalis) with similar morphologic characters were identified correctly. Gerbil samples recognized morphologically as Meriones meridianus were different genetically from M. meridianus from Eastern China. Conclusion High diversity of rodent species were found in alpine forests meadows and desert steppe habitats. The genetic distances between M. meridianus from northern Xinjiang and other areas of China are so profound that suggests there are cryptic species.

Key words： China-Kazakhstan border area; Rodents; Diversity; DNA barcoding

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