目的 评价酶免疫染色法检测鼠疫F1抗原效果。方法 通过辣根过氧化酶标记鼠疫F1单克隆抗体(HRP?F1McAb)免疫染色法,检测266只强毒鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)感染鼠脏器标本和207只对照啮齿动物标本,同时用反向间接血凝试验(RIHA)微量法和胶体金纸上色谱法(RGICA)进行对比。结果 HRP?F1McAb免疫染色法和RIHA检测一致率为98.52%,Kappa值为0.970,阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.140,P=0.016);HRP?F1McAb免疫染色和RGICA检测一致率为98.50%,Kappa值为0.901,阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.250,P=0.625)。HRP?F1McAb免疫染色法灵敏度为100%,特异度为97.02%,阳性预测值为97.14%,阴性预测值为100%,约登指数为0.970。结论 鼠疫F1抗原免疫染色法敏感特异、快速简单,在鼠疫早期快速诊断中有应用价值。

Objective To evaluate enzyme immunostaining technique for detection of F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis in rodents. Methods Visceral organ specimens of 266 mice infected with virulent Y. pestis and 207 control rodent specimens were detected by horseradish peroxidase labeled plague F1 monoclonal antibody (HRP-F1McAb) enzyme immunostaining technique, and in comparison with the RIHA and RGICA methods．Results Coincidence was 98.52% between HRP-F1McAb enzyme immunostaining technique and RIHA, Kappa=0.970, and the difference was statistically significant in the positive detection rates (χ²=5.140, P=0.016); Coincidence was 98.50% between HRP-F1McAb enzyme immunostaining technique and RGICA, Kappa=0.901, with statistically insignificant difference in the positive detection rates (χ²=0.250, P=0.625). Sensitivity of HRP-F1McAb enzyme immunostaining technique was 100%, specificity was 97.02%, positive predictive value was 97.14%, negative predictive value was 100%, and Youden index was 0.970． Conclusion The enzyme immunostaining technique is sensitive and specific, fast and simple in detection of plague F1 antigen. It is a valuable detection technique in early and rapid diagnosis of plague in rodents．