目的 调查宁波市2014年病媒生物鼠、蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的种群构成和季节消长,为开展病媒生物防制工作提供科学依据。方法 鼠类监测采用夹夜法;蚊类监测采用诱蚊灯法;蝇类监测采用笼诱法;蜚蠊监测采用粘捕法。结果 2014年全年共捕获鼠类1科3属4 种,褐家鼠为优势种,占捕鼠总数的62.17%;蚊类1科3属4种,淡色库蚊为优势种,占61.54%;蝇类3科7属13种,家蝇为优势种,占24.10%;蜚蠊1科2属3 种,德国小蠊为优势种,占80.90%。鼠类和蜚蠊全年均有活动,没有明显的季节性;蚊类和蝇类活动有明显的季节性,高峰期均为6月。结论 基本掌握了宁波市病媒生物鼠、蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的种群构成和季节消长规律。建议加强对病媒生物及其传播疾病的长期监测、预警、控制对策和措施的研究工作。

Objective To provide scientific data for vector control after investigating its community structure and seasonal fluctuation in Ningbo, 2014. Methods Mouse trap, light trap, cage trap and glue trap were used to catch rodents, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches respectively. Results The rodents were identified as 4 species of 3 genera, 1 family and Rattus norvegicus was predominant species and occupied 62.17%. The mosquitoes were identified as 4 species, 3 genera, 1 family and the dominant species, Culex pipiens pallens, occupied 61.54%. The flies belonged to 13 species of 7 genera, 3 families. Musca domestica was predominant species and occupied 24.10%. The cockroach were identified as 3 species of 2 genera, 1 family and Blattella germanica was predominant species and occupied 80.90%. Rodents and cockroaches were active throughout the year and active period was from April to October. Seasonality of mosquitoes and flies was obvious. The active peak of mosquitoes and flies were both on July. Conclusion The community structure and seasonal fluctuation of vector were preliminarily known. It should strengthen monitoring and control of vectors and vector borne diseases in Ningbo.