目的 调查云南省丽江鼠疫自然疫源地地面游离蚤种类及感染鼠疫菌情况,为制定鼠疫防控措施提供科学依据。方法 于2007－2014年在丽江市玉龙县8个自然村,古城区5个自然村范围内,采用粘蚤纸法采集地面游离蚤,按形态学方法 鉴定地面游离蚤种类,实验室用细菌培养方法 检验地面游离蚤是否感染鼠疫菌。结果 13个村共布放粘蚤纸21 845张,获蚤2科3 属3种545匹,性比♀:♂为1.95:1,平均蚤指数0.0249。猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤和方叶栉眼蚤的构成比分别为69.54%、18.72%和11.74%。地面游离蚤鼠疫菌培养结果均为阴性。结论 丽江鼠疫疫源地地面游离蚤有3种,以猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤为优势蚤种,地面游离蚤未检出鼠疫菌。

Objective To provide the basis for plague prevention and control by investigating species composition and infection rate of Yersinia pestis in fleas collected from floor in the plague natural foci of Lijiang in Yunnan province. Methods Investigation was carried out at 8 villages of Yulong county and 5 villages of Gucheng district of Lijiang. Floor fleas were collected by sticky flea paper method. Species was identified based on morphological characteristics. Y. pestis was cultured from fleas in laboratory. Results The sticky flea paper 21 845 copies were collected in the 13 villages. The average flea index of 0.0249. The sex ratio of fleas was 1.95:1. In total, 545 fleas were collected, which belong to 2 families, 3 genera and 3 species, including Ctenocephalides felis felis (69.54% ), Pulex irritants (18.72% ), and Ctenophthalmus quadrarus (11.74%). Infection of Y. pestis was negative for all fleas. Conclusion There are 3 flea species from floor in the plague focus, Ct. felis felis, P. irritant were predominating species. Infection of Y. pestis was not found.