目的 了解实施扩大免疫规划后呼伦贝尔市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行病学情况, 为进一步防控HFRS疫情提供理论依据。方法 用描述流行病学方法对疫情资料进行分析, 利用血清流行病学调查流行地区人群抗体水平。结果 呼伦贝尔市HFRS发病率呈下降趋势, 但莫力达瓦旗发病率呈逐年上升趋势;2009-2013年各年HFRS的流行均具有较强的季节性;发病年龄主要在20～64岁之间, 农民占72.75%(275/378);流行地区人群血清IgG抗体阳性率为47.17%, 人群隐性感染率为33.33%, 女性抗体阳性率高于男性, 但差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.290, P>0.05), 农民隐性感染率为7.86%;鼠密度和鼠带病毒率呈逐年上升趋势。结论 应急接种策略降低了呼伦贝尔市HFRS的发病率, 在高流行地区继续加强高危人群的应急接种, 有利于进一步控制疫情。

Objective In order to assess the epidemic situation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) after implementing expanded program on Immunization in Hulun Buir city, to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Methods We collected a crowd epidemic data and serological data and analyzed epidemiological characteristics of HFRS. Results Epidemic data showed the incidence of HFRS decreased in Hulun Buir city, but incidence showed an increasing trend in Daur Autonomous Banner of Morin Dawa. The HFRS had strong seasonality in 2009-2013. Onset age mainly between 20-64 years old. The farmer was 275 cases, accounting for 72.75%. Serological data results showed the positive rate of serum IgG antibody 47.17%, the recessive infection rate was 33.33%, in prevalence areas. Antibody positive rate and the recessive infection in females was higher than males, no statistically significant (χ²=2.290, P>0.05). The recessive infection rate of farmer was 7.86%. The density and virus-carrying rate of rat showed a rising trend year by year. Conclusion Results suggested continuation to strengthen emergency vaccination for high-risk groups in high prevalence areas, which will be conducive to further control the epidemic of HFRS.