对2014年6月缅甸勐波县南排区甘搞乡岩刀橡胶队发生的一起恶性疟疾暴发疫情特征进行分析, 为防止境外恶性疟疾病例输入制定有效防控措施提供依据。方法 2014年6月30日对疫点23户居民逐户登记, 对现症病例进行流行病学个案调查, 采用疟疾快速诊断试剂卡(RDT)和显微镜检测疑似疟疾病例, 用诱蚊灯调查疟疾媒介种类。结果 共检测88 人, RDT恶性疟阳性65例, 显微镜镜检阳性37例;男女性别比为1:1.17, 0～70岁均有发病, 其中年龄最大70岁, 最小3月龄, 死亡2例;共捕获5种按蚊111只, 其中微小按蚊9只, 中华按蚊25只。65例病例均给予双氢青蒿素/磷酸哌喹规范治疗和室内氟氯氰菊酯杀虫剂滞留喷洒等防治措施, 疫情得到有效控制。结论 该起疫情属于缅甸边境地区单一恶性疟引起的暴发疫情, 应进一步加强中缅边境地区疟疾联防联控工作, 及时发现疫情和采取相应的控制措施, 防止境外疟疾病例输入云南省境内。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of Plasmodium falciparum of Yandao rubber plant village, Gangao town, Nanpai zone of Mengbo county in the border areas of Myanmar, providing evidences for making effective control measurements to prevent P. falciparum cases import from frontier. Methods In the focus (Yandao rubber plant village), 23 households were checked by door to door in 30th Jun, 2014, malaria clinic case was investigated by epidemic case investigation in, malaria suspected case was tested by malaria rapid diagnosis test strips and microscope, and malaria vector was collected by lamp-traps. Results Total of 88 persons were tested, of those 65 P. falciparum positives were found by malaria rapid diagnosis test strips and 37 positives for microscope test; the ratio of gender was 1 (male):1.17 (female); the aged groups were ranged at 0-70 years old with the youngest 0.3 years old and the oldest 70 years old, 2 death cases;total of 111 individuals of 5 Anopheles species, of those 9 Anopheles minimus and 25 Anopheles sinensis were collected. The epidemic was controlled effectively by 65 P. falciparum cases standard treatment with Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Phosphate, indoor insecticide residual spray with beta cyfluthrin and the other control measurements. Conclusion This epidemic belonged to an outbreak caused by P. falciparum in the border areas of Myanmar, above results suggested that the timely detection of outbreak and epidemic treatment would be strengthened in the border areas of Myanmar, in order to prevent the spread of the epidemic.