目的 了解海口市2012－2014年蚊虫种群构成、季节消长及不同生境蚊虫密度,为蚊虫及蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 收集整理2012－2014年海口市病媒生物监测点采用诱蚊灯法获得的成蚊密度监测数据,对不同环境、月份、年份蚊虫监测结果进行统计分析。结果 2012－2014年共捕获蚊虫15 549只,平均蚊密度为1.79只/h,致倦库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕蚊总数的83.46%;从蚊密度季节消长曲线来看,2012年7月出现最高峰;2013年4月出现最高峰,9月又有小幅上升,基本呈双峰型;2014年3月出现高峰,10月出现小高峰;不同监测生境中,2012年和2014年牲畜棚蚊密度最高,分别为1.06和2.40只/h,2013年农户密度最高,达3.14只/h。结论 海口市有较好的蚊类生境,优势种群是致倦库蚊,牲畜棚和农户是关键控制场所,3－10月是控制蚊类的重要时间段。

Objective To determine the species composition and seasonality of mosquitoes in different environments from 2012 to 2014, and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases. Methods The adult mosquito surveillance data by light trap method were collected from four districts, then the densities of different environments, months, and years was analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2014, 15 549 mosquitoes were captured and the overall average density was 1.79 mosquitoes per hour. Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say was the predominant species, accounted for 83.46%. The annual density peak was observed in July in 2012; duel annual peaks were observed in 2013 (April and September) and 2014 (March and October). In different environments, the density in livestock shed (2.40) was the highest in 2014 while that in farmyard (3.14) in 2013. Conclusion In general, ecological habitats observed in Haikou city, Hainan, China were highly conducive to mosquito proliferation. The predominant species is Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus. And the livestock shed and the farmyard are the key sites where the main control efforts should be made. The key period of mosquito eradication is from March to October during a year.