目的 对北京市机场口岸中华按蚊密度分布情况及疟原虫携带情况进行调查分析,评价北京市是否存在疟疾传播的蚊媒,为机场口岸蚊媒传播疾病预测预警提供依据。方法 采用国家标准GB/T 23797－2009中的CO2诱蚊灯法,通过描述性研究方法对机场周边2012－2014年中华按蚊监测数据进行流行病学分析;并对捕获的中华按蚊进行4种疟原虫核酸检测。结果 2012－2014年共捕获成蚊103 231只,密度指数为34.66只(/灯·h),淡色库蚊为优势种,占捕获总数的85.05%,中华按蚊占0.09%;2012－2014年中华按蚊年平均密度分别为0.04、0.03和0.03只(/灯·h),差异无统计学意义(F=0.310,P > 0.05);5－9月均能捕到中华按蚊;2012－2014年7个监测点中华按蚊密度在0～0.17之间,7个监测点中华按蚊密度差异有统计学意义(F=10.548,P < 0.01)。蚊媒疟原虫携带状况检测结果均为阴性。结论 北京市机场口岸存在疟疾传播的蚊媒,北京市存在由输入性病例(境外感染病例及外省感染病例)引起疟疾本地传播的风险。应加强对中华按蚊的监测工作。

Objective To investigate and analyze distribution of Anopheles sinensis density from 2012 to 2014 in peripheral areas of Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA), and evaluate the existence of the transmitting mosquitoes of malaria in an effort to provide theoretic basis for the construction of Risk Assessment and Early Warning System. Methods According to GB/T 23797-2009, capture method of light-traps was adopted in mosquito surveillance. Epidemiological analysis was carried out on mosquito density monitoring from 2012 to 2014. Analysis of variance was adopted in statistical analysis. For the capture of An. sinensis for four kinds of Anopheles to Plasmodium nucleic acid detection. Results Mosquito density index was 34.66 mosquitoes per light-trap in 1 hour. In total 103 231 adult mosquitoes were captured within 3 years, Culex pipiens pallens was the predominant species, accounting for 85.05%, and the An. sinensis (0.09%). The annual average densities of An. sinensis were 0.04, 0.03 and 0.03 mosquitoes per light-trap in 1 hour, respectively. Mosquito densities were not significantly different among 2012, 2013 and 2014 (F=0.310, P > 0.05). The adult An. sinensis were captured from May to September. The densities of An. sinensis in seven surveillance sites monitoring points were 0-0.17, there were significant differences among seven monitoring sites(F=10.548, P < 0.01). The test results of mosquito-borne malaria parasite carrying status were negative. Conclusion The transmitting mosquitoes of malaria exist at BCIA, Beijing has faced potential risks of malaria prevalence by imported cases (Overseas and other provinces infections). It is necessary to continuously strengthen monitor for An. sinensis at BCIA.