目的 对浙江省鼠疫历史疫区开展宿主动物、媒介种群和密度调查,为浙江省鼠疫防制提供科学依据。方法 用笼捕法在浙江省20个鼠疫监测点开展调查,分别计算鼠密度、蚤指数、染蚤率等,用SPSS 17.0软件对上述数据进行统计分析;采集动物肝、脾进行鼠疫菌培养,用间接血球凝集试验检测鼠疫血清F1抗体。结果 2010－2013年全省家栖鼠密度平均为4.19%,野栖鼠密度平均为4.47%;全省共捕获鼠形动物50 680只,分属3目5科(亚科)9属16种,全省共检鼠32 482只,染蚤鼠1062只,染蚤率为3.27%,不同鼠种的染蚤率差异有统计学意义(χ²=3723.567,P=0.000),检获蚤分属于3总科3科7属7种,不同地区间蚤种差异有统计学意义(F=5.659,P=0.000)。全省共培养鼠肝、脾46 881份,均未分离到鼠疫菌,采用血凝法开展血清学检测共检验49 327份,均为阴性。结论 浙江省鼠疫宿主和媒介密度较稳定,无鼠间和人间鼠疫疫情,但应进一步规范鼠疫监测,做好防复燃和输入疫情的应急准备。

Objective To get epidemiological data on plague hosts and vectors in the history of plague epidemic in Zhejiang province, and providing scientific basis for the prevention and control in the province. Methods The rodents were captured in the 20 surveillance sites in the province by trapping, then calculated the rodent density, flea index, flea infected rates, SPSS 17.0 software was applied for statistical analysis of the data; The animal livers and spleens were collected for Yersinia pestis culture and used for indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) detection F1 antibody of Y. pestis. Results The average indoor and outdoor rodent was 4.19% and 4.47%, there is a considerable difference between the rat density in different regions. The capture was 50 680 rodents, belong to 3 orders, 5 families, 9 genera and 16 species (Subfamily). There were 32 482 rodents and 1062 that were processed. Average flea infected rate was 3.27%, the flea infected rate were different among species, with statistical significance (χ²=3723.567, P=0.000). The fleas are 7 species from 3 genera and 3 families, among different areas there were significant differences (F=5.659, P=0.000). No plague were cultured or detected in 46 881 rodent samples and 49 327 serum samples. Conclusion The composition of plague hosts and vectors is stable, no mouse and human plague epidemic, however plague surveillance standardize should strengthen to be prepared for emergency and plague resurgence.