目的 了解分离自四川省巴塘县的首株鼠疫菌的生态型和分子生物学特征,为因地制宜制定鼠疫防制策略提供科学依据。方法 将传统的鼠疫菌生化表型鉴定方法和多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析(MLVA)的分型方法相结合,确定巴塘县鼠疫菌株的型别,并进行溯源分析。结果 四川省巴塘县鼠疫菌株能够酵解甘油、阿拉伯糖和麦芽糖,且具有硝酸盐还原能力,但不能酵解鼠李糖,符合青藏高原生态型鼠疫菌的表型特征;MLVA型别与分离自青海省和西藏自治区的青藏高原生态型鼠疫菌相同。结论 四川省巴塘县鼠疫菌的生态型为青藏高原型,与该菌株亲缘关系最近的鼠疫菌在青海省和西藏自治区均有分布。巴塘县是一个新发现的青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭型鼠疫自然疫源地。

Objective To study the ecotype and molecular characteristics of Yersinia pestis strain that was first isolated from Batang county of Sichuan, China and to provide scientific evidence for developing suitable strategy of plague control and prevention in Batang. Methods Traditional biochemical phenotype identification method and multi-locus variable number tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) were both chosen to identify ecotype and genotype of the tested strain. Traceability analysis was also performed. Results Yersinia pestis strain of Batang was capable of fermenting glycerine, arabinose and maltose, but not rhamnose. Nitrate reduction test of this strain was positive. The MLVA-type of tested strain was the same as Qinghai - Tibet Plateau Ecotype Y. pestis strains isolated from Qinghai province and Tibet Autonomous Region. Conclusion The ecotype of tested strain is Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Ecotype. It has closest relationship with Y. pestis strains distributed in both Qinghai and Tibet. Batang County of Sichuan is a newly discovered natural plague epidemic focus.