目的 探讨豚鼠感染鼠疫菌主要实质性脏器的病理改变。方法 强毒鼠疫菌25 cfu/ml感染成体实验豚鼠鼠蹊部皮下。病死豚鼠立即取材,未病死豚鼠14 d分别处死并取材。取肝、脾、肺、肾及心等实质性脏器分离培养鼠疫菌,并制作病理切片观察病理改变。结果 感染鼠疫菌的实验豚鼠肝、脾、肺、肾及心脏均分离出鼠疫菌;其组织巨检均有明显病理变化,镜检除心脏外均有明显的病理变化,呈炎性细胞增多,充血、出血、部分坏死等急性炎症变化。结论 强毒鼠疫菌引起实验豚鼠急性炎症反应,豚鼠肝、脾、肺、肾、心等实质性脏器的病理变化显著。

Objective To investigate pathological changes in the major solid viscera of guinea pigs infected with the plague bacillus Yersinia pestis. Methods Adult guinea pigs were infected with a virulent Y. pestis strain (25 cfu/ml) through the groin subcutaneously. After infection, tissue specimens were immediately taken from dead animals, and the surviving ones were executed 14 d later. Specimens of solid viscera, including the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and heart, were used for isolation of Y. pestis, and section specimens were prepared to observe associated pathological changes. Results Yersinia pestis was isolated from the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and heart of the experimental animals after infection. Tissue autopsy revealed significant pathological changes in all solid viscera, and microscopic examination showed obvious pathological changes in the major organs other than the heart. There were acute inflammatory changes such as inflammatory cell increase, hyperemia, hemorrhage, and partial necrosis. Conclusion Virulent Y. pestis can cause acute inflammation in guinea pigs and result in significant pathological changes in solid viscera of the animals, including the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and heart.