目的 探讨现场适用于泥土中钉螺螺卵的简易检测方法,旨在检验直接恒温孵化法和自然状态孵化法的可行性。方法 采用安徽省池州市贵池区自然生钉螺,按照雌雄各25、50、100、200、400、800只的剂量,投入面积为4 m²/池的模拟自然状况的钉螺池中饲养2年,采集实验池中土壤分别用4种方法进行螺卵检测和幼螺孵化实验,对4种方法进行统计学分析。结果 4种实验方法均能检出螺卵或孵化出钉螺,经Kruskal-Wallis H检验,4种方法螺卵或幼螺检出率差异无统计学意义;经对数线性回归检测钉螺检出数与投螺剂量无相关性(Y=1.7312Lnx－5.7060);Kappa值检验4种方法无一致性。结论 有螺泥土中含有活性螺卵,直接恒温孵化和自然状态孵化法可以孵化出幼螺。

Objective To compare different methods for detection of Oncomelania hupensis eggs in the soil, and to evaluate the feasibility of snail egg hatching in a natural way or at a stable temperature. Methods Snails from Guichi district of Chizhou, Anhui province, China, were kept in the ponds of 4 square meters which mimicked natural ponds with 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 male or female snails per pond; the ratio of male and female snails was 1:1. Two years later, soils were taken from the ponds to measure the number of snail eggs and perform egg hatching experiments with four methods. Statistical analysis was performed for these methods. Results With each of the four methods, active snail eggs were detected or young snails were produced. Kruskal-Wallis H test showed no significant differences between the four methods in the detection rate of snail eggs or young snails. Log linear regression analysis revealed no significant correlation between the number of snails detected and the number of original snails in the pond (Y=1.7312Lnx-5.7060). No consistency was found for the four methods by Kappa test. Conclusion Active snail eggs present in soils can be hatched naturally or at a stable temperature.