目的　了解江苏省沿海地区重要病媒生物种类、密度和季节消长规律及其危害情况,为预防沿海地区病媒生物性疾病提供科学依据。方法　选择沿海6个县(市)作为监测点进行病媒生物监测,并同时收集2013年沿海地区病媒生物性疾病资料进行回顾性分析。结果　江苏省沿海地区2002年6月至2013年蚊、蝇、鼠和蜚蠊的平均密度分别为1.22只/(灯·h)、19.78只/笼、2.07%和0.33只/张;沿海地区病媒生物性疾病主要以肾综合征出血热(HFRS)、恙虫病和疟疾为主,3种疾病2013年发病率均高于全省同期平均水平,其发病率分别为1.09/10万、1.53/10万和0.76/10万。结论　沿海地区气象和生境的变化可能会对病媒生物以及病媒生物性疾病产生重要影响,需要加强江苏省沿海地区HFRS、恙虫病和疟疾等防病知识的宣传教育工作,强化疫苗接种,积极开展灭鼠、灭蚊等工作,有效地降低病媒生物性疾病发病水平。

Objective　To determine the fauna, population density, seasonality, and adverse impact of major vectors in the coastal areas of Jiangsu province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of vector-borne diseases in Jiangsu coastal areas. Methods　Six coastal counties/cities from Jiangsu province were chosen for surveillance of vectors, and cases of vector-borne diseases in the coastal areas in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　The mean population densities of mosquitoes, flies, rats, and cockroaches in the study areas of Jiangsu province were 1.22 per light-hour, 19.78 per cage, 2.07%, and 0.33 per net, respectively, during June 2002 to 2013. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), scrub typhus, and malaria were the most prevalent diseases in the coastal areas of Jiangsu. The incidence rates of the three diseases in 2013 (1.09/100 000, 1.53/100 000, and 0.76/100 000) were all higher than the average levels in Jiangsu province during the same period. Conclusion　The climate and habitat changes in Jiangsu coastal areas may have significant influence on vectors and vector-borne diseases. We need to strengthen publicity and education of HFRS, scrub typhus, and malaria, promote vaccination, and develop pest control in coastal areas. The above measures can effectively reduce the incidence of vector-borne diseases.