目的 分析2010－2012年广西壮族自治区(广西)输入性疟疾流行病学特点和趋势,为进一步提高疟疾控制后期输入性疟疾监测及诊治能力,保证2018年消除疟疾目标的实现提供科学依据。方法 收集2010－2012年广西全区输入性疟疾病例个案调查表、网络直报病例等监测数据,对输入性疟疾的感染来源、虫种、人群和地区分布,发病及诊治等进行描述和统计学分析。结果 3年来广西共报告国外和区外输入性疟疾病例397例,其中恶性疟261例,间日疟102例,三日疟7例,卵形疟3例,混合感染8例,未分型16例,死亡4例。病例主要分布在南宁、桂林、河池、百色、玉林和崇左6个地级市,占全区输入性疟疾病例数的92.70%(368/397)。男女性别比为55.7∶1,年龄分布集中在20～50岁组,农民和工人占病例总数的85.39%(339/397)。国外输入病例最多的是非洲加纳共212例,其次为缅甸68例,柬埔寨26例。结论 当前广西疟疾发病以国外输入性病例为主,且多数为恶性疟。输入性疟疾疫情严峻,为确保2018年广西消除疟疾目标的实现,应加强对外出非洲和东南亚地区务工返回人员疟疾监测,及时发现和有效治疗输入性传染源。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trend of imported malaria in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China from 2010 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the diagnosis and treatment of imported malaria in the late stage of malaria surveillance elimination in Guangxi in 2018. Methods The data from imported malaria questionnaires and the disease reporting information system of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2010 to 2012 were collected. Descriptive and statistical analysis was performed on the species composition, infection origin, population distribution, and regional distribution of imported malaria.Results A total of 397 imported malaria cases were reported,including 289 overseas imported cases and 8 domestically imported cases from other provinces of China. Among these cases, 261 were infected byPlasmodium falciparum, 102 by P. vivax, 7 by P. malariae, and 3 by P. ovale. Eight patients were infected by multiple species, 16 patients by undetermined species, and 4 patients died of malaria. Most imported malaria cases (368/397,92.70%) were distributed in 6 prefecture-level cities, i.e., Nanning, Guilin, Hechi, Baise, Yulin, and Chongzuo. The ratio of male to female cases was 55.7∶1. The age range was 20-50 years. Most patients were farmers and factory workers (339/397, 85.39%).Most cases were imported from Ghana in Africa (212 cases), followed by Myanmar (68 cases) and Cambodia (26 cases) in Asia.Conclusion The imported malaria cases mainly originated from overseas.P. falciparumwas the predominant species. The epidemic situation of overseas imported malaria in Guangxi has become more and more serious. In order to achieve the goal of malaria elimination in Guangxi in 2018, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of imported malaria cases among overseas workers from the malaria prevalent areas in Africa and Southeast Asian countries.