目的 收集陕西省户县2009－2012年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情监测资料,分析HFRS疫情的变化趋势及其与鼠密度和带病毒情况的关系。方法 收集户县2009－2012年HFRS人间和鼠间疫情监测资料,采用χ2检验,分析不同年份间发病率、鼠密度及鼠带病毒率是否存在差异;采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验,分析疫情变化趋势;采用Pearson积差相关分析探讨鼠密度、鼠带病毒率、带病毒鼠指数与发病率的相关关系。结果 2009－2012年户县共报告HFRS患者821例,发病率为35.96/10万;不同年份间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2＝61.35,P＜0.05),但户县HFRS疫情总体无明显变化(Z＝1.6327,P＝0.1025)。不同年份间鼠密度差异有统计学意义(χ2＝122.370,P＜0.05),鼠密度有逐年升高趋势(Z＝10.4385,P＜0.01)。鼠带病毒率为5.75%。各月发病率与鼠密度呈正相关(r＝0.550,P＜0.05),与鼠带病毒率呈正相关(r＝0.621,P＜0.05),与带病毒鼠指数呈正相关(r＝0.544,P＜0.05)。结论 鼠密度、鼠带病毒情况与户县HFRS疫情呈显著相关,需加强鼠间疫情监测和灭鼠工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Huxian county,Shaanxi province, China from 2009 to 2012, and to study the relationship of HFRS incidence with rodent density and virus-carrying status.Methods The epidemic monitoring data of HFRS among humans and rodents in Huxian county from 2009 to 2012 were collected. The differences in HFRS incidence, rodent density, and virus-carrying rate between different years were analyzedusingχ2 test. The variation trend of HFRS incidence in Huxian county was analyzed using Cochran-Armitage trend test.The correlations of HFRS incidence with rodent density, virus-carrying rate, and virus-carrying index were analyzed using Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient.Results There were 821 HFRS cases, with an incidence of 35.96/105, during 2009-2012in Huxian county. The incidence of HFRS varied significantly in different years during 2009-2012(χ2＝61.35,P＜0.05), while no significant change was observed in general HFRS epidemic in Huxian county (Z＝1.6327,P＝0.1025). Rodent density variedsignificantly indifferent years during 2009-2012(χ2＝122.370,P＜0.05), and increased year by year (Z＝10.4385,P＜0.01). The virus-carrying rate was 5.75%. Monthly HFRS incidence was positively correlated with rodent density (r＝0.550,P＜0.05), virus-carrying rate (r＝0.621,P＜0.05), and virus-carrying index (r＝0.544,P＜0.05).Conclusion HFRS incidence is significantly correlated with rodent density and virus-carrying situation in Huxian county. Surveillance of HFRS among rodents and control of rodents should be strengthened in this area.
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