目的 了解天津市居民的虫媒防治知识、行为及其影响因素, 为制定有效的干预策略提供依据。方法 采用单纯随机抽样方法, 在天津市18个区(县)抽样调查630名居民进行问卷调查。结果 62.1%的被调查者表示居住地遭受过虫媒侵害, 居民虫媒防治知识知晓水平仅为44.6%, 主要是蚊、蜚蠊的防治知识掌握率较低。影响居民虫媒防治知识知晓水平的影响因素为年龄、职业、文化程度(P＜0.05), 随年龄(OR＝2.417)和文化程度(OR＝1.764)增加虫媒防治知识的掌握率提高;干部比农民虫媒防治知识掌握率高(OR＝2.374)。居民对虫媒防治策略认识不清, 只有31.5%的居民认为解决城市虫媒侵害问题的关键在于开展以控制孳生地为主的综合治理。发现虫媒侵害后仅有5.3%的人愿意请专业的消杀公司处理。获取虫媒防治相关知识的主要途径为电视广播(37.7%), 来自社区的健康教育较少(19.7%)。结论 居民的虫媒防治知识和行为等方面存在不足, 针对居民虫媒传染病知识及虫媒防治培训有待加强, 尤其应加强对农民和退休人员、低年龄组、初中及以下文化程度居民的健康教育与健康促进工作。

Objective To survey the knowledge and behaviors about vector control among residents and their impact factors in Tianjin, China and to provide a basis for effective intervention strategy. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 630 residents who were selected from 18 districts or counties of Tianjin by simple random sampling. Results Of all residents surveyed, 62.1% said that their residence had been infested with vectors; only 44.6% had the knowledge about vector control, and there were relatively few residents with the knowledge about control of mosquitoes and cockroaches. Age, career, and education level were significant impact factors for the knowledge about vector control in Tianjin residents (P＜0.05); the proportion of participants with knowledge about vector control increased as the age (OR＝2.417) and education level (OR＝1.764) increased, and it was higher in officials than in farmers (OR＝2.374). The residents knew little about vector control strategy; only 31.5% of the participants thought integrated vector management based on breeding source management was the key to preventing vector infestation in urban areas. Only 5.3% of the participants were willing to hire PCO professionals for pest control after finding vector infestation. The main approach to gaining knowledge about vector control was radio or television (37.7%), and few residents gained the knowledge through health education in the community (19.7%). Conclusion The knowledge about vector control among the residents in Tianjin is insufficient, and their behaviors conducive to vector breeding source creation need to be adjusted. The health education about vector?borne diseases and training on vector control need to be implemented among residents, especially farmers, retired people, young genetrations and those with an education level of junior high school or lower.