目的 探索同一区域不同微环境中蚊虫种群动态的差异性, 分析造成该差异的可能因素。方法 选取上海市中心城区蚊虫较容易出现的公园和绿化区域环境类型(上海市人民广场及人民公园区域), 按照地理分布设置5个监测点, 采用CO2诱捕法超过220 d连续性成蚊监测方法, 对同一监测区域不同微环境中蚊虫种群动态的差异性进行研究。 结果 连续224 d的成蚊监测结果显示, 5号监测点成蚊数量共计9737只, 密度为43.50只/(d·台), 显著高于其他4个监测点(P＜0.01), 同时人民广场区域成蚊密度高于人民公园区域〔分别为29.80和11.13只/(d·台), t＝-5.552, P＝0.000〕;种群方面, 人民广场白纹伊蚊构成比显著高于人民公园(构成比分别为25.32%和9.54%, χ2＝187.923, P＜0.01), 人民公园三带喙库蚊构成比显著高于人民广场(构成比分别为18.46%和2.77%, χ2＝187.923, P＜0.01);且公园2号点的三带喙库蚊成为该监测点的最优势蚊种(构成比为48.55%)。结论 同一区域不同微环境的蚊密度和种群均存在明显差异, 可能是孳生环境以及人为干扰等多种因素造成;中心城区应进一步加强三带喙库蚊的监测和防控。

Objective To study the mosquito population dynamics in different microenvironments of the same region and to analyze the relevant factors contributing to the differences in mosquito population dynamics in downtown Shanghai. Methods Five mosquito?monitoring sites were set according to the geographical distribution in the park and grassy areas of downtown Shanghai (People’s Square and People’s Park) where mosquitoes were frequently encountered. Adult mosquitoes were continuously monitored by CO2 trapping method for more than 220 days to determine the differences in mosquito population dynamics at the five monitoring sites. Results The 224 days continuous adult mosquito monitoring showed that the number and density of adult mosquitoes at the 5th monitoring site were 9737 mosquitoes and 43.50 mosquitoes/day·machine, significantly higher than those at the other four monitoring sites (P＜0.01), and the adult mosquito density in the People’s Square was significantly higher than that in the People’s Park (29.80 vs. 11.13 mosquitoes/day·machine; t＝-5.552, P＜0.01); as to the adult mosquito population, the constituent ratio of Aedes albopictus in the People’s Square was significantly higher than that in the People’s Park (25.32% vs. 9.54%; χ2＝187.923, P＜0.01), and the constituent ratio of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in the People’s Park was significantly higher than that in the People’s Square (18.46% vs. 2.77%; χ2＝187.923, P＜0.01); Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant species in the 2nd monitoring site (constituent ratio 48.55%). Conclusion The mosquito density and population vary significantly in different microenvironments of the same region, which may be attributable to such factors as breeding environment and human disturbance. The surveillance and control of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus should be implemented in downtown Shanghai.