目的 分析2012年海珠区登革热流行特点,以期更好地做好登革热防制工作。方法 收集临床医生报告的疑似登革热病例血清样本,采用ELISA和免疫层析法(ICT)检测特异性IgM抗体,比较2种检测方法的差异。分析登革热流行特征。结果 2012年海珠区登革热病例临床表现以发热、皮疹、头痛及肌肉骨关节痛为主,并伴有谷丙转氨酶升高(49.35%) ,白细胞减少(31.17%)及血小板降低(22.08%)。登革热病毒IgM抗体可在2～22 d内检出,ELISA检测阳性率达42.54%,高于ICT检出率(34.81%);发病高峰为10月,中青年为主要发病人群。 结论 2012年海珠区登革热疫情呈散发状态,大多数病例具有典型的临床表现,及时采集患者血清和特异性IgM抗体检测对登革热疫情控制具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Haizhu district of Guangzhou, China and to improve the prevention of dengue fever. Methods Serum samples were collected from the patients with suspected dengue fever reported by clinicians. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatographic test (ICT) were used to detect specific IgM antibody, and the difference between the two methods was evaluated. The epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever were analyzed. Results In 2012, the patients with dengue fever in Haizhu District presented mainly with fever, skin rash, headache, and muscle, bone and joint pain, accompanied by alanine transaminase elevation (49.35%), leukocytopenia (31.17%), and thrombocytopenia (22.08%). The IgM antibody against dengue virus was detected within 2-22 days after onset; the detection rate for ELISA was 42.54%, significantly higher than that for ICT (34.81%). The peak of onset was in October. The young and middle aged people were the main affected population. Conclusion In 2012, the incidence of dengue fever in Haizhu district of Guangzhou was sporadic. Most patients have typical clinical manifestations. Timely collection of patient serum and detection of specific IgM antibody are significant for controlling the epidemic of dengue fever.