目的 设计和安装农村环境卫生的基础设施,有效控制病媒生物的孳生。方法 设计并建设一套适应农村病媒生物控制的“五防”(防蚊、防鼠、防蝇、防蜚蠊、防臭气)基础卫生设施,控制农村病媒生物,提高农民生活的环境质量。结果 对广东省2198个卫生村和20个卫生镇的现场监测结果表明,“五防”卫生基础设施建设后蚊、鼠、蝇、蜚蠊密度比建设前均下降90%以上,居民对卫生环境满意率达95%以上。结论 在农村建设“五防”卫生基础设施投资少、见效快、效果好,居民易接受,适宜在经济欠发达地区农村推广使用。

Objective To design and build sanitation infrastructure in rural areas and to effectively control vector breeding. Methods The sanitation infrastructure, suitable for vector management of mosquito, rodent, fly, cockroach, and offensive odor in rural areas, was designed and built to control vectors in rural areas and improve the quality of living environment for farmers. Results The field monitoring of 2198 villages and 20 towns in Guangdong province, China, where the sanitation infrastructure was built, showed that the population densities of mosquitoes, commensal rodent, flies, and cockroaches decreased by more than 90%, and over 95% of the residents were satisfied with the sanitary environment. Conclusion In rural areas, the construction of sanitation infrastructure for vector management has the advantages of low investment and quick and good effect and is welcome to residents. It is suitable for widespread use in developing rural areas.