目的 通过对宝鸡市秦岭山脉鼠类调查监测结果分析,掌握鼠类种群数量、分布和带病毒状况,为宝鸡市鼠类及其传播疾病的控制提供依据。方法 采用夹夜法进行调查;点位分别设在秦岭山脉的不同生态环境,包括阔叶混交林、山谷、桃树林、休耕地等5种生态环境类型。结果 此次调查监测共捕获野外鼠类9种164只,不同生态环境、不同海拔鼠类种群分布不同,海拔在1850 m以下的山谷、耕地黑线姬鼠所占比例最高,占54.23%(77/142),其次为大林姬鼠,占16.20%(23/142);海拔在1850 m以上的针阔叶混交林高山姬鼠、大林姬鼠分布最高,分别占72.73%(16/22)、18.18%(4/22);鼠带病毒情况监测显示,鼠类带病毒率为17.81%,阳性鼠种除黑线姬鼠外,初次检出1只大林姬鼠携带肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病毒。结论 宝鸡市秦岭山脉存在多种媒介鼠,而且不同海拔鼠类种群不同,与HFRS发病基本吻合。

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of rodents in Qinling Mountains in Baoji, China and investigate the population distribution and virus carriage of rodents in this area, and to provide a basis for the control of rodents and rodent-borne diseases in Baoji. Methods Night trapping method was used to capture rodents in 6 ecological environments in Qinling Mountains, including broad-leaved mixed forest, valley, peach forest, and fallow land. Results A total of 164 wild rodents (9 species) were captured, with different populations in different ecological environments at different altitudes. In the valley and arable land below 1850 m above sea level, Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species, accounting for 54.23% (77/142) of all captured rodents, followed by A. peninsulae, accounting for 16.20% (23/142). In the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest with an altitude above 1850 m, A. chevrieri was the dominant species, accounting for 72.73% (16/22) of all captured rodents, followed by A. peninsulae, accounting for 18.18% (4/22). Of all captured rodents, 17.81% carried viruses; among the positive rodents, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus was first detected from an individual of A. peninsulae besides A. agrarius. Conclusion There are a variety of rodents as vectors in Qinling Mountains in Baoji, with different populations at different altitudes, which is almost in accordance with the incidence of HFRS.