目的 观察0.05%敌鼠钠蜡皮颗粒毒饵及蜡皮颗粒混合毒饵现场对褐家鼠和小家鼠的杀灭效果。方法 选择济南市张马村居民居住比较集中的住宅共760间房间(每个房间约为15 m²)。其中,放置蜡皮颗粒混合毒饵组为249间房间,蜡皮玉米颗粒毒饵组为267间房间,蜡皮小麦颗粒毒饵组为244间房间;在每房间内布放蜡皮毒饵3堆,每堆10 g。连放4 d,观察26 d。灭效考核用格粉板法(400格法)。结果 蜡皮颗粒混合毒饵和蜡皮玉米颗粒毒饵对褐家鼠的灭效分别为97.45%和92.44%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(u=5.22,P<0.01);对小家鼠的灭效分别为100%和99.47%,二者比较差异无统计学意义(u=1.46,P>0.05)。蜡皮颗粒混合毒饵与蜡皮小麦颗粒毒饵对褐家鼠的灭效分别为97.45%和96.59%,二者比较差异无统计学意义(u=1.19,P>0.05);对小家鼠的灭效均为100%。结论 蜡皮毒饵对褐家鼠和小家鼠的杀灭效果均很好。且蜡皮玉米颗粒毒饵7份与蜡皮小麦颗粒毒饵3份混合使用杀灭褐家鼠要比单独使用蜡皮玉米颗粒毒饵效果好。

Objective To observe the killing effects of 0.05% diphacinone sodium in the form of wax-coated poison bait corn granules, wax-coated poison bait wheat granules, or wax-coated poison bait mixed granules on Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus in rooms. Methods A total of 760 rooms (around 15 m² every room) were selected from the area with centralized residence in Zhangma Village, Jinan, China; wax-coated poison bait mixed granules were placed in 249 rooms, wax-coated poison bait corn granules were placed in 267 rooms, and wax-coated poison bait wheat granules were placed in 244 rooms. In each room, 3 piles of wax-coated poison bait (10 g/pile) were placed for 4 d, and observation was performed for 26 d. The killing effect of wax-coated poison bait was evaluated by grid/plate method (S400). Results The killing rates of wax-coated poison bait mixed granules and wax-coated poison bait corn granules were 97.45% vs. 92.44% (u=5.22, P<0.01) for R. norvegicus and were 100% vs. 99.47% (u=1.46, P>0.05) for M. musculus. The killing rates of wax-coated poison bait mixed granules and wax-coated poison bait wheat granules were 97.45% vs. 96.59% (u=1.19, P>0.05) for R. norvegicus and were both 100% for M. musculus. Conclusion Wax-coated poison bait has good killing effects on R. norvegicus and M. musculus. Wax-coated poison bait mixed granules, which are composed of wax-coated poison bait corn granules and wax-coated poison bait wheat granules at a ratio of 7:3, have a better killing effect on R. norvegicus than wax-coated poison bait corn granules.