浙江省2015－2019年登革热流行特征分析

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析浙江省2015－2019年登革热流行特征，比较输入病例和本地病例的特征差异，为浙江省登革热的精准防控提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集浙江省2015－2019年登革热病例信息，采用SPSS 20.0软件对登革热输入病例和本地病例的性别、年龄、职业、季节分布、地区分布、发病到确诊时间间隔进行描述性分析和统计学分析。结果浙江省2015－2019年共报告2 532例登革热病例，其中961例输入病例，1 571例本地病例。2 532例病例中，男性1 424例，女性1 108例，输入病例男女性别比为1.90：1，本地病例男女性别比为1.02：1，输入病例中男性构成比显著高于本地病例中男性构成比（χ²=54.626，P<0.001）。病例的中位年龄为44岁，四分位数间距为32~58岁；输入病例的中位年龄为37岁，本地病例的中位年龄为50岁，输入病例年龄显著小于本地病例年龄（Z=-15.681，P<0.001）。病例主要为商业服务人员、离退人员、工人、家务及待业者、农民和干部职员，分别为474、424、352、315、287和214例，输入病例中商业服务人员构成比最高，本地病例中离退人员构成比最高，输入病例与本地病例的职业分布差异有统计学意义（χ²=303.418，P<0.001）。输入病例每个月均有发生，但大多数在6－10月之间，本地病例均发生在7－11月。2015－2019年浙江省报告登革热病例的县（市、区）逐年增多，近5年有95.56%的县（市、区）报告过登革热病例，其中有48.89%的县报告过登革热本地病例。结论浙江省登革热疫情形势逐年严峻，输入病例和本地病例的性别、年龄、职业、发病时间等均存在显著差异，浙江省应根据流行特征采取更精准更严格的措施来控制登革热疫情。

关键词: 登革热, 流行特征, 输入病例, 本地病例

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Zhejiang province, China, from 2015 to 2019 and the different characteristics of imported cases and local cases, and to provide a scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of dengue fever in Zhejiang province. Methods The data of dengue fever cases in Zhejiang province from 2015 to 2019 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, and SPSS 20.0 software was used to perform descriptive and statistical analyses of related data of imported cases and local cases, including sex, age, occupation, seasonal distribution, geographic distribution, and interval from disease onset to confirmed diagnosis. Results A total of 2 532 dengue fever cases were reported in Zhejiang province from 2015 to 2019, among which there were 961 imported cases and 1 571 local cases. Among the 2 532 patients, there were 1 424 male patients and 1 108 female patients, and the male/female ratio was 1.90:1 in imported cases and 1.02:1 in local cases; the composition ratio of male patients in imported cases was significantly higher than that in local cases (χ²=54.626, P<0.001). The median age of all cases was 44 years, with an inter-quartile range of 32-58 years; the median age was 37 years for imported cases and 50 years for local cases, and the imported cases had a significantly younger age than local cases (Z=-15.681, P<0.001). The numbers of commercial service personnel, retired persons, workers, housekeeping and unemployed persons, farmers, and cadres were 474, 424, 352, 315, 287, and 214, respectively; commercial service personnel accounted for the highest proportion in imported cases, while retired persons accounted for the highest proportion in local cases; there was a significant difference in occupational distribution between imported cases and local cases (χ²=303.418, P<0.001). Imported cases were observed in each month, mainly June to October, and all local cases occurred in July to November. From 2015 to 2019, the number of counties (cities/districts) reporting dengue fever cases in Zhejiang province gradually increased year by year, and about 95.56% of the counties (cities/districts) reported dengue fever cases during the past 5 years, among which 48.89% reported local cases of dengue fever. Conclusion The epidemic situation of dengue fever in Zhejiang province becomes more severe year by year, and there are significant differences in sex, age, occupation, and disease onset between imported cases and local cases. Zhejiang province should adopt more precise and strict measures to reduce the epidemic risk of dengue fever according to epidemiological characteristics.

Key words: Dengue fever, Epidemiological characteristics, Imported case, Local case

中图分类号:

R373.3⁺3

王桢, 凌锋, 刘营, 任江萍, 孙继民. 浙江省2015－2019年登革热流行特征分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(6): 643-647.

WANG Zhen, LING Feng, LIU Ying, REN Jiang-ping, SUN Ji-min. Epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Zhejiang province, China, 2015-2019[J]. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(6): 643-647.

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