病媒生物传播新型冠状病毒风险评估及防控建议

doi:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.06.001

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摘要病媒生物可通过机械性传播病毒，有的类群还可生物性传播病毒，病媒生物是否可以传播新型冠状病毒（新冠病毒），该文针对几种与人类关系密切的病媒生物，做了传播新冠病毒风险的评估研究，以便为更精准的新型冠状病毒肺炎防控决策提供依据。通过收集文献，利用风险矩阵法对病媒生物传播新冠病毒可能性进行评分，确定不同病媒生物及其在不同场所的新冠病毒暴露和传播风险等级。初步结果为：蚊虫机械性和生物性传播新冠病毒的风险极低；鼠、蜚蠊、蝇3类病媒生物具有机械性传播新冠病毒的潜在风险，鼠类还存在生物性传播新冠病毒的潜在风险；不同场所病媒生物传播新冠病毒的风险不同，传播风险等级与新冠病毒暴露风险等级和病媒生物的分布范围、密度及活动能力等相关。总体上，可排除蚊虫传播新冠病毒的风险；鼠、蜚蠊、蝇等病媒生物，在新冠病毒暴露的特殊场所和局部环境，具有潜在传播新冠病毒的风险，但风险较低。

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	吴海霞
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	刘小波
	刘起勇

关键词 ：病媒生物, 新型冠状病毒, 风险评估, 传播, 防控

Abstract：Vectors can transmit viruses by mechanical transmission, and some species can transmit viruses by biological means. As for whether vectors can transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this article assess the risk of several categories of vectors closely related to humans in transmitting SARS-CoV-2, so as to provide a basis for developing more precise SARS-CoV-2 prevention and control measures. Based on the collected literature, the risk matrix method was used to evaluate the probability of vectors transmitting SARS-CoV-2 and determine the level of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the risk level of SARS-CoV-2 transmission for different vectors in different places. The preliminary results showed that the risk of mosquitoes in transmitting SARS-CoV-2 was very low; rodents, cockroaches, and flies had a potential risk of mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and rodents also had a potential risk of biological transmission of SARS-CoV-2; the three categories of vectors had different risks of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in different places, and the risk level of transmission was associated with the risk level of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the distribution, density, and activity of vectors. In general, the risk of mosquitoes in transmitting SARS-CoV-2 could be excluded; the vectors including rodents, cockroaches, and flies have a potential but low risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 in specific places and surroundings exposed to SARS-CoV-2.

Key words： Vector Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Risk assessment Transmission Prevention and control

收稿日期: 2020-11-14

PACS:	R384
	R183

基金资助:国家卫健委委托项目（气候变化健康风险评估策略与技术研究）；传染病预防控制国家重点实验室自主课题（2020SKLID201）；国家自然科学基金专项项目（82041021）

通讯作者: 刘起勇,Email:liuqiyong@icdc.cn E-mail: liuqiyong@icdc.cn

作者简介: 吴海霞,女,博士,副研究员,主要从事媒介生物监测与控制研究工作,Email:wuhaixia@icdc.cn

引用本文:

吴海霞, 任东升, 李贵昌, 王雪霜, 刘小波, 刘起勇. 病媒生物传播新型冠状病毒风险评估及防控建议[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2020, 31(6): 633-638. WU Hai-xia, REN Dong-sheng, LI Gui-chang, WANG Xue-shuang, LIU Xiao-bo, LIU Qi-yong. Risk assessment and prevention and control recommendations for vectors transmitting coronavirus disease 2019. Chines Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2020, 31(6): 633-638.

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http://www.bmsw.net.cn/CN/10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.06.001 或 http://www.bmsw.net.cn/CN/Y2020/V31/I6/633

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