中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2014, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 518-520.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2014.06.008

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

农村城镇化对鼠类群落结构的影响研究

姚丹丹,隋晶晶,刘明津,冯志勇   

  1. 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-24 出版日期:2014-12-20 发布日期:2014-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 冯志勇,Email: fengzhy@tom.com
  • 作者简介:姚丹丹,女,助理研究员,从事鼠类生态与防控技术研究
  • 基金资助:
    广东省农业科技研究团队项目(2012A020100009); 广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2012B091100469); 广东省科技计划项目(2012B040301040); 广州市珠江科技新星专项

Study on influence of urbanization on rodent communitystructure in rural areas

YAO Dan-dan, SUI Jing-jing, LIU Ming-jin, FENG Zhi-yong   

  1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2014-06-24 Online:2014-12-20 Published:2014-12-20
  • Contact: FENGZhi-yong,Email:fengzhy@tom.com
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Research Team Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2012A020100009),Combination Project of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education (No. 2012B091100469), Technological Planning Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2012B040301040) and the Pearl River Science and Technology New Star Project of Guangzhou City

摘要: 目的 研究农村城镇化后不同生境鼠类的群落结构,为开展鼠害的科学治理提供基础依据。方法 采用夹夜法调查农村城镇化后鼠类的群落结构,每个样区布放300个夹夜,夹距5 m,夹线间距50 m以上,鼠夹晚放晨收。结果 农村城镇化后,城镇与农田结合部成为鼠类最重要的栖息环境,家栖鼠类的数量和生物量大幅度增加,野栖鼠类的优势度明显下降,主要表现为:在城镇和农田结合部,褐家鼠为第一优势鼠种和危害最大的害鼠;在离开城镇500 m的农田,黄毛鼠为第一优势鼠种,其次为褐家鼠,板齿鼠、褐家鼠和黄毛鼠是危害最大的害鼠;而在离城镇2 km的农田,黄毛鼠为第一优势鼠种,其次为小家鼠,黄毛鼠和板齿鼠是危害最大的害鼠。结论 农村城镇化间接为鼠害的发生提供了有利条件,引起农田鼠类群落发生一定程度的改变,必须针对这种变化趋势加强鼠害的可持续治理工作。

关键词: 农村城镇化, 鼠类, 群落结构

Abstract: Objective To investigate the influence of urbanization on the structure of rodent community in different habitats in the rural areas, and to provide a scientific support for carrying out rodent control. Methods Night trapping method was used to investigate rodent community structure in the rural areas after urbanization. Three hundred traps were set in each sample region. The distance between traps was 5 m and the interval between survey lines was above 50 m. Traps were placed at dawn and collected in dusk. Results The urban-rural encroaching zone became the most important habitat for rodents after urbanization. The number and biomass of house mice increased greatly, while the dominance of voles significantly decreased. In the urban-rural encroaching zone, Rattus norvegicus was the most predominant species and the most pestiferous rodent. In the farmland 500 m away from the town, R. losea was the most predominant rodent and R. norvegicus was the secondary; Bandicota indica, R. norvegicus, and R. losea were the most pestiferous rodents. In the farmland 2 km away from the town, R. losea was the most predominant rodent and Mus musculus was the secondary; R. losea and B. indica were the most pestiferous rodents. Conclusion Urbanization indirectly provides favorable conditions for rodent infestation, with some changes in farmland rodent community. Sustainable management should be strengthened in the face of such changes.

Key words: Urbanization, Rodent, Community structure

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