关键词: 狂犬病, 流行特征, 预防对策

Abstract: Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of rabies in Hebei province, China and explore the strategy for prevention and control of rabies by analyzing the epidemic data of human rabies cases in Hebei from 2005 to 2011 and the treatment of the human rabies cases in Hebei from 2008 to 2011. Methods The epidemic data of human rabies cases in Hebei from 2005 to 2011 and the information on the treatment of the human rabies cases from 2008 to 2011 were collected and subject to statistical analysis using Excel and analysis based on descriptive epidemiology. Results The prevalence rate of rabies in Hebei increased rapidly since 2005, peaked in 2007, and maintained at a high level in the remaining years. The cases were found mainly in Baoding, Cangzhou, and Shijiazhuang, accounting for 49.15% of all cases; Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, and Zhangjiakou presented a rapidly increasing prevalence rate. Most cases were peasants, and there were more male cases than female counterparts. Rabies occurred in all age groups, but the patients aged 35-70 years accounted for 68.18% of all cases. There were cases of rabies reported in each month, with the highest incidence in September. The wound treatment rate (45.35%) and vaccination rate (11.16%) of rabies cases after exposure were relatively low, and the rabies immunoglobulin utilization rate for level Ⅲ exposure was only 6.47%. Conclusion In Hebei province, China, most rabies cases were peasants, and the post-exposure wound treatment rate and vaccination rate are relatively low. It is recommended that the rabies vaccine and passive immunization preparations be covered by medical insurance or the New Rural Cooperative Medical Care in high-epidemic areas, aiming to reduce the economic burden of residents and improve the vaccination rates of rabies vaccine and passive immunization preparations.

Key words: Rabies, Epidemic characteristic, Strategy for prevention and control