关键词: 城市化, 蚊虫群落, 登革热, 疟疾, 流行性乙型脑炎

Abstract:

Objective To determine the characteristics and dynamics of mosquito population during the process of rapid urbanization, and to identify the relationships between the dynamic of main vectors and rapid urbanization. Methods The mosquito density was investigated for the past four years using the human-bait method. Results Five species of mosquito were captured, including Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Anopheles sinensis, Aedes albopictus, and Armigeres subalbatus. Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus was predominant (92.27%), followed by Ar. subalbatus (3.98%). The proportions of Ae. albopictus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus were relatively small, accounting for 1.62% each. The smallest was An. sinensis (0.51%). During a four-year study period, significant changes had taken place in the proportions of mosquito populations by comparison among the data in 2006, 2008 and 2009. The population of Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus decreased while increased of that of Ae. albopictus. An. sinensis gradually disappeared as the time elapsed. The poplation of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus fluctuated largely in the study periods. In the evening, varieties of mosquito species showed distinct activity patterns. The biting time of Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was from 19: 00 to 22: 00 in the evening with a peak after 21: 00. Ae. albopictus could be caught all the night with the main peak before 20: 00. A similar activity pattern was observed from Ar. subalbatus and Ae. albopictus. Conclusion During the process of rapid urbanization, the population of the dengue vector, Ae. albopictus, increased gradually. The population of the Japanese encephalitis vector, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, fluctuated greatly in different years. However, the malaria vector, An. sinensis, eventually was not found. Thus, we propose that the surveillance and control of Ae. albopictus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus should be strengthened during the process of urbanization.

Key words: Urbanization, Mosquito population, Dengue, Malaria, Japanese encephalitis