中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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0.3%伊维菌素乳油预防白蚁的效果研究

郭建强1;龚跃刚1;金士庆2   

  1. 1浙江省德清县白蚁防治研究所 德清313200;2浙江省杭州庆丰农化有限公司
  • 出版日期:2008-12-20 发布日期:2008-12-20

Control Efficacy of 0.3% ivermectin EC to termite

GUO Jian-qiang; GONG Yue-gang; JIN Shi-qing   

  1. Deqing Institute of Termite Control,Deqing 313200, China
  • Online:2008-12-20 Published:2008-12-20

摘要: 目的 了解0.3%伊维菌素乳油对白蚁的毒性和预防效果,为其推广应用提供理论依据。方法 采用滤纸浸药法测定药物对乳白蚁和散白蚁的毒性,采用木块浸药法和土壤施药法测定药物对白蚁入侵的预防效果。结果 0.3%伊维菌素乳油对白蚁具有较大的毒性。在药物持续处理下,只需100mg/L的浓度就可致供试的乳白蚁和散白蚁工蚁全部死亡;但与含药滤纸只接触30min时,致乳白蚁全部死亡的浓度则需达到750mg/L,而散白蚁则需1500mg/L。同时,试验结果还显示,伊维菌素乳油对乳白蚁的毒性比对散白蚁的要大。当把伊维菌素乳油施在土壤中时,在室内只要处理浓度≥350mg/L,就可完全阻止白蚁穿透50mm厚的毒土,并可使与毒土接触的乳白蚁和散白蚁个体死亡90%以上;在野外,每平方米土壤施5L药液时,若不加盖保护,所有测试浓度处理的土壤在12个月内均被白蚁穿越;若加盖保护,能成功防止白蚁穿越的浓度也需达1500mg/L。当把浸药木块埋入野外土壤中时,12个月后,仅1500mg/L浓度处理的木块未被白蚁蛀食。结论 0.3%伊维菌素乳油虽然对白蚁有较高的毒性,但若用于处理土壤或用于处理直接与潮湿土壤接触的木块时,使用浓度需达1500mg/L才能取得满意的防治效果。

关键词: 伊维菌素, 白蚁, 毒性, 预防效果

Abstract: Objective To know the toxicity and control efficacy of 0.3% ivermectin EC against termites and to provide the theoretical basis for the application of this chemicals in practice.Methods The toxicity of 0.3% ivermectin EC to Coptotermes sp.and Reticulitermes sp.was tested by the filter paper containing chemicals and the control effect to termites was determined by the methods of wood block containing chemicals and application chemicals in soil.Results The results indicated that 0.3% ivermectin EC had strong toxicity to termites.The mortality rate of Coptotermes sp.andReticulitermes sp.ergate was 100% after continuous treatment with 100 mg/L ivermectin solution on the filter paper,however only the tested concentration reached 750 mg/L for Coptotermes sp.and 1500 mg/L for Reticulitermes sp.,these two termites were all dead after contact with filter paper for 30 min.The study also showed that Coptotermes sp.was more susceptibility to ivermectin than Reticulitermes sp.When ivermectin EC was applied in soil,50 mm thick soil treated with 350 mg/L concentration could completely prevent the penetration of termites in laboratory and more than 90% termites contacted with toxic soil would die.In the field,when 5 liter ivermectin solution was applied in one square meter soil,termites would penetrate the soil in the treated area within 12 months if the treated area was not covered by any-thing,and termites could not penetrate the soil treated with 1500 mg/L ivermectin solution within 12 months only if the treated area of soil was covered with a concrete slab.When the treated wood blocks were buried in the field soil,only wood blocks treated with 1500 mg/L ivermectin solution were not feed by termites within 12 months.Conclusion Though 0.3% ivermectin EC had high toxicity to termites,the concentration of application must reach 1500 mg/L if it was applied in soil or was used to treat the wood that contacted directly with wet soil to prevent the invasion of termites.