中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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2000年浙江省钩端螺旋体病预防和控制工作分析

姜理平;龚振宇   

  1. 浙江省疾病预防控制中心 杭州310009
  • 出版日期:2002-06-20 发布日期:2002-06-20

Prevention and Control of Leptospirosis in Zhejiang Province in 2000

JIANG Li-ping; GONG Zhen-yu   

  1. Zhejing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310009, China
  • Online:2002-06-20 Published:2002-06-20

摘要: 目的:探讨钩端螺旋体病(简称钩体病)流行规律,分析其存在问题。方法:用MAT法检测病人、水鸭和蛙血清抗体;同时分离培养病原体。用夹夜法捕鼠,采集鼠肾、猪肾、牛中段尿、蛙肾和水鸭肾分离培养病原体。结果:2000年1~12月,全省共发生钩体病77例,死亡3例,发病率为0.17/10万,病死率为3.90%,发病率比1999年下降69.11%,而病死率却比1999年上升141.56%。病例主要分布在衢州、丽水和台州市(地)的江山、三门、丽水、龙游、常山、遂昌等市(县)。衢州(发病率为1.45/10万)、丽水(0.92/10万)和台州市(0.26/10万)的发病数占全省发病总数的93.51%。病例主要分布在7~10月,占全年总病例数的84.42%,特别是7~8月,占54.93%,但是季节分布有分散趋势。职业以农民为主,占88.31%,其次为学生;年龄以15~50岁为主,占75.32%;男女之比为3.05∶1。监测点共检测病人血清23份,阳性15份,阳性率为65.22%。病人血培养16份,全部阴性。全省鼠密度为1.64%,鼠种构成以黑线姬鼠为优势种,占36.11%,其次为小家鼠(占27.08%)和褐家鼠(占20.14%)。解剖培养鼠肾144对,阳性3对,鼠带菌率为2.08%,菌株分别为爪哇群、波摩那和七日热各1株。解剖蛙肾410对,阳性3对,阳性率为0.73%;检测猪肾50对,牛中段尿37份,全部阴性。测定水鸭血清16份,阳性8份,阳性率为50%,菌株主要为秋季群;蛙血22份,阳性3份,阳性率为13.64%,菌株为秋季群。结论:钩体病防制工作仍然不能放松,尤其在洪涝灾害后应列为防制重点。

关键词: 钩端螺旋体病, 预防, 控制, 发病率

Abstract: Objective:To study the epidemic pattern of Leptospirosis in Zhejing province,analyze the problems in the provention and control of Leplospirosis.Methods:With MAT to test the serum antibody in patients,ducks and frogs.Culture the Leptospira with the serum of patients,ducks and frogs,pig's kidney,frog's kidney,duck's kidney,cattle's urine,mouse's kidney.Results:In 2000 year,the total patients in whole province are 77.The average incidence is 0.17 per 100000,3 of them were died.Most of patients were in Quzhou,Lishui and Taizhou city. The positive rate of serum antibody in patients,frogs and ducks was 65.22%,13.64% and 50% respectively. The culture positive rate of patient's blood,mouse's kidney and frog's kidney are 0,2.08% and 0.73% respectively.Conclusion:The provention and control of Leptospirosis can not be relared. It should be on guard against its outbreak after flood.