中国媒介生物学及控制杂志

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引燃式烟雾剂发烟效果评价指标与最优配方的筛选

唐萌1;伍世平2;谈伟君1;孙晓武3;钟细华4;戴旭峰4   

  1. 1东南大学公共卫生学院 南京210009;2铁道部劳动与卫生司;3美国罗得岛大学医学院;4复旦大学
  • 出版日期:2001-06-20 发布日期:2001-06-20

Selection-out of Both Efficacy's Assessment Indices of Fuse-induced Smoke Insecticide and Optimum Formula

TANG Meng#; WU Shi-ping; TAN Wei-jun; et al   

  1. School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009
  • Online:2001-06-20 Published:2001-06-20

摘要: 目的:探讨引燃式灭蟑烟雾剂的发烟效果评价指标及其最优配方。方法:根据引燃式灭蟑烟雾剂的技术指标与经济简便原则,推断烟剂发烟效果评价指标,以及利用正交设计方法筛选出烟剂最优配方。结果:以引芯点燃难易程度、有无明火、有无喷射状、平均发烟时间(s/10.0g)、落下灰颗粒数(颗/0.2mm×0.2mm)及其分布均匀性(颗粒分布变异系数表示)等为发烟效果评价指标,考虑各评价指标的权重;遵照正交设计原理〔1〕,推断出烟剂最优配方。按最优配方配制的烟雾剂,用引芯易引燃、无明火、发烟较缓和、速度适宜(约30~50s/10g)、残渣无余火,燃烧完全;落下灰分散度较好,颗粒≤15μm占50.8%(以数量百分比计,下同)、≤30μm占26.4%、>30μm占22.8%;成本相对较低廉,较经验配方节省约10%。结论:该烟雾剂评价指标客观确切,灵敏度高,经济,简单易行,符合烟雾剂技术指标和实际应用要求,在此筛选标准下配制的灭蟑烟雾剂,发烟效果良好,配制简便,使用方便、经济,值得推广

关键词: 烟雾剂, 评价指标, 配方, 正交设计, 德国小蠊

Abstract: Objective:To pioneer out both efficacy's assessment indices and optimum formula of fuse-induced smoke insecticide of B.germanica.Methods:Assessment indices based on technological quality must be economic and convenient to use and its optimum formula is weeded out by means of orthogonal layout statistics.Result:Such indices of different weight as fuse-induced difficulty,combustion,jet,smoking time,quantity of aerosol,et al,are then conformed to principles of orthogonal layout for deducing the optimum formula.Under the formula,the smoke insecticide compounded with pesticides like permethrin,d-cyphenothrin,cypermethrin,S2,et al,and materials,for example,potassium,carbon power,ammonium chlorate,talcum power,et al,is easily fuse-induced at the appropriate speed of 30-50s/10g,and of no combustion,no sparks in the residual dregs,although good smoke-carrying distribution of aerosols with their diameters varying from≤15μm(50.8%),≤30μm(26.4 %),to>30μm(22.8%) in the samples and less expensive cost.Conclusions:With these indices objective,accurate,sensitive,economic and convenient to use,the smoke insecticide compounded is so good that it is worth expanding in the real life.