中国媒介生物学及控制杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 710-714.DOI: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.06.011

• 媒介生物监测 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省腾冲市2015-2020年鼠疫监测结果分析

李希尚, 蔡文斌, 杨雁鸣, 董祖平, 王兴娟, 杨东海, 王加志, 尹授钦, 李胜国   

  1. 腾冲市疾病预防控制中心地方病防治科, 云南 腾冲 679100
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-27 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2021-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 蔡文斌,E-mail:tcjkcwb@163.com;李胜国,E-mail:ctlishenguo@163.com
  • 作者简介:李希尚,男,主治医师,主要从事病媒生物、寄生虫病及地方病研究,E-mail:2312901067@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省万人计划名医专项;云南省高层次卫生健康技术人才培养专项经费(H-2019030);云南省保山市高层次创新人才计划项目(202015)

Analysis of plague surveillance data in Tengchong, Yunnan province, China, 2015-2020

LI Xi-shang, CAI Wen-bin, YANG Yan-ming, DONG Zu-ping, WANG Xing-juan, YANG Dong-hai, WANG Jia-zhi, YIN Shou-qin, LI Sheng-guo   

  1. Department of Endemic Disease Control, Tengchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tengchong, Yunnan 679100, China
  • Received:2021-05-27 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-12-15
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Special Project for Famous Doctors of Yunnan 10000 Person Plan, Special Fund for Training High-level Health Technical Personnel in Yunnan Province (No. H-2019030) and Baoshan High Level Innovative Talents Program (No. 202015)

摘要: 目的 分析腾冲市2015-2020年鼠疫监测资料,掌握鼠疫疫情动态和鼠疫宿主媒介变化,为鼠疫防控对策提供科学依据。方法 按《云南省鼠疫监测方案》和《云南省鼠疫监测实施细则》要求,开展鼠疫宿主动物、媒介、病原学及血清学监测,使用Wilcoxon秩和检验和χ2检验对监测资料进行分析。结果 捕获小型兽类共2 357只,隶属3目6科15属20种,室内黄胸鼠平均密度为0.83%,占捕获总数的92.27%;室外黄胸鼠平均密度为1.49%,占捕获总数的32.91%。捕获鼠体检蚤1 180匹,隶属于1目5科15属23种,其中缓慢细蚤占捕获总数的29.24%,印鼠客蚤占19.15%。地面游离蚤印鼠客蚤检出1匹,缓慢细蚤检出5匹。缓慢细蚤及印鼠客蚤指数呈逐年下降趋势,室外黄胸鼠密度高于室内。小型兽类肝、脾鼠疫耶尔森菌(鼠疫菌)培养3 071份,蚤鼠疫菌培养894组,鼠疫血清F1抗体检测8 436份,均为阴性。结论 腾冲市鼠疫主要宿主、媒介控制较好,疫源地当前处于静息期,鼠疫传播风险较大,需加强监测,提高监测质量及应急储备能力。

关键词: 鼠疫, 媒介, 监测, 分析

Abstract: Objective To analyze plague surveillance data in Tengchong, Yunnan province, China, 2015-2020, investigate the epidemic situation and host and vector changes of plague, and to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control. Methods According to "Yunnan Provincial Plague Surveillance Program" and "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Plague Surveillance in Yunnan Province", plague host, vector, pathogen, and serology monitoring were carried out, and the surveillance data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Chi-square test. Results A total of 2 357 small mammals were captured, belonging to 20 species of 15 genera in 6 families under 3 orders. Indoor Rattus tanezumi accounted for 92.27% of the total catch, with a mean density of 0.83%, while outdoor R. tanezumi accounted for 32.91% of the total catch, with a mean density of 1.49%. A total of 1 180 fleas were collected from rodents, belonging to 23 species of 15 genera in 5 families under 1 order. Leptopsylla segnis accounted for 29.24% of the total catch, and Xenopsylla cheopis accounted for 19.15% of the total catch. Only one free X. cheopis flea and five L. segnis fleas were captured. The flea indices of L. segnis and X. cheopis tended to decrease year by year. The density of R. tanezumi outdoors was higher than that indoors. A total of 3 071 liver or spleen specimens of small mammals and 894 specimens of fleas were collected for culture for plague bacteria (Yersina pestis), and 8 436 samples were detected for plague serum F1 antibody. All the samples tested negative. Conclusion In Tengchong, the main hosts and vectors of plague are well controlled, and plague is in a resting period in 2015-2020, but with a relatively high risk of transmission. It is necessary to strengthen surveillance, improve monitoring quality, and raise the emergency response reserve capacity.

Key words: Plague, Vector, Surveillance, Analysis

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