关键词: 棘球蚴病, 小兽, 流行, 石渠县

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in wild small mammals and to provide baseline data for its effective control and prevention. Methods The tools of clip traps or rope loops were used for trapping the small mammals at Shiqu county, Sichuan province, and then the captured animals were dissected to inspect the infections. SPSS 17.0 and ArcGIS10.1 softwares were applied to analyze the data and address the spatial distribution analysis. Results A total of 4 054 small mammals were collected with an average captured rate of 10.21% (4 054/39 720). The average density of small mammals was 188.56/hm², and the average prevalence of echinococcosis was 4.93% (200/4 054). There were 2 232 plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae), 1 792 Qinghai voles (Lasiopodomys fuscus)and 30 Tibetan hamsters (Cricetulus kamensis) among all the captured small mammals. The density of plateau pika population and its prevalence of echinococcosis were significantly higher than those of Qinghai voles (t=2.920, P=0.004; χ²=25.652, P=0.000). The density of small mammals (213.28/hm²)in summer pastures was significantly higher than that in winter pastures (158.77/hm) (t=4.340, P=0.000), and the infection rate in Qinghai voles in winter pastures (4.69%)was significantly higher than that in summer pastures (2.62%) (χ²=4.061, P=0.044). Following different months (April, June, August, October), the infection rates in plateau pika and Qinghai voles were rapidly increased (χ_trend²=12.109, P=0.000; χ_trend²=3.415, P=0.038). Conclusion The small mammals with echinococcosis in Shiqu county are mainly plateau pika and Qinghai vole. And they are widely distributed with heavy density and high prevalence of echinococcosis. Effective control measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of transmission of alveolar echinococcosis.

Key words: Echinococcosis, Small mammals, Epidemic, Shiqu county