关键词: 病媒生物, 种类, 季节消长

Abstract: Objective To get an insight into the species of biological vectors and their seasonal fluctuation in Dongli district, Tianjin, providing a scientific basis for the control of the hazards of biological vectors. Methods The national biological vector surveillance program was followed for the selection of the surveillance sites, with the night trapping method, trapping lamp method, cage trap method and adhesive killing method used to investigate the density of the rats, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches. Results It was found that Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species in Dongli district, accounting for 79.55% of the total, followed by Mus musculus, accounting for 20.45%. The rat density peaked in August, followed in May. The density of mosquitoes varied with different habitats with the highest density seen in the livestock shed accounting for 19.52/(lights·h), followed by farmer houses, green parks, hospitals and residential areas. Musca domestica was the dominant fly species, accounting for 58.40% of the total number of the captured. The brown-tail Boettcherisca peregrina and M. sorbes accounted for 20.41% and 7.13%, respectively, the habitats listed in a descending order in terms of the number of flies captured were farmers’houses> markets>residential>green belt. The dominant species of cockroach was Blattella germanica, accounting for 99.81% of the total number of the captured, with its density and infestation rates highest in the farmers’market. Conclusion Of all the surveillance sites investigated, the highest rat density is seen in catering industry, the highest rat density of mosquitoes in cattle sheds and the highest density of flies and cockroaches in farmers’markets. Prevention and control of the vectors should be taken seriously.

Key words: words：Vectors, Species, Seasonal fluctuation