关键词: 簇鬃客蚤, 生活史, 实验观察

Abstract:

Objective To observe the life cycle of Xenopsylla skrjabini under laboratory conditions. Methods Meriones meridianus was served as blood-supplying animal under the conditions of (26±0.5)℃ and 70%±5% RH with routine breeding and plate culture. Results The entire life cycle of holometabolic X. skrjabini could be divided into 4 stages (egg, larva, pupa/cocoon and adult). The development periods (egg-larva, larva-pupa, pupa-adult and egg-adult ) were 5.65±0.49 d, 10.78±0.67 d, 7.52±0.95 d, and 23.96±1.49 d for the male, respectively; 5.49±0.51 d, 10.20±0.78 d, 4.90±1.04 d and 20.59±1.14 d for the female, respectively. The hatching rate (egg-larva), pupation rate (larva-pupa), emergence rate (pupa-adult) and growth rate were 91.0%, 85.7%, 82.1% and 64.0%, respectively. The sex ratio after emergence was 1.8∶1. The longevities were 4.17±1.11 d for the male and 5.31±1.69 d for the female under starvation, 13.56±2.56 d for the male and 20.50±8.31 d for the female under supplying blood. The average number of laying eggs per day (15 males and 10 females as a unit) was 23.46, and the average lifetime number was 624.00±5.76. The non-linear regression equation between the average daily number of laying eggs (n) and oviposition time (d) was y＝e^{［4.548－ 0.140(x － 2)］}(x≥3). Conclusion The short life cycle and high productivity of X. skrjabini were in the favor of transmission and prevalence of animal plague.

Key words: Xenopsylla skrjabini, Life cycle, Experimental observations